CAJ | 학술논문

呼吸道感受器在机体对肺部物理和化学环境变化作出反应时起到重要作用,它们引起的反射具有调节或保护作用,或产生病理效应.基于电生理研究,可将呼吸道感受器分为四类,但它们的组织结构小详.由于对感受器形态的认识不足,阻碍了对其生理功能的理解.近来,我们采用共聚焦显微术与免疫组织化学方法(用钠钾ATP酶作为标记),首次高清晰度地展示了呼吸感受器结构.本文采用这种新方法在家兔中进行了系统观察.结果显示,各级气道均有多种不同的感受器结构.大气道中的结构往往比小气道中的复杂,虽然它们的大小、所在部位与走向不尽相同,但都有多个终端末梢.有些感受器埋置在气道平滑肌中,其结构便于感受对气道的机械性刺激;有些覆盖在气道上皮的表面,其形态适合于感受通过气道的刺激性物质;另一些则位于气道粘膜下,在上皮与平滑肌之间.有些传入神经轴突可支配多个感受器结构.据此,传入单纤维中记录到的电活动是来自一个感觉单位.后者可以由多个感受器组成.除了感受器之外,我们还观察到气道内神经节,它们与感受神经的轴突密切相关.本文证实气道内存在不同形态结构的感受器,并探讨了其生理分类.
호흡도감수기재궤체대폐부물리화화학배경변화작출반응시기도중요작용,타문인기적반사구유조절혹보호작용,혹산생병리효응.기우전생리연구,가장호흡도감수기분위사류,단타문적조직결구소상.유우대감수기형태적인식불족,조애료대기생리공능적리해.근래,아문채용공취초현미술여면역조직화학방법(용납갑ATP매작위표기),수차고청석도지전시료호흡감수기결구.본문채용저충신방법재가토중진행료계통관찰.결과현시,각급기도균유다충불동적감수기결구.대기도중적결구왕왕비소기도중적복잡,수연타문적대소、소재부위여주향불진상동,단도유다개종단말소.유사감수기매치재기도평활기중,기결구편우감수대기도적궤계성자격;유사복개재기도상피적표면,기형태괄합우감수통과기도적자격성물질;령일사칙위우기도점막하,재상피여평활기지간.유사전입신경축돌가지배다개감수기결구.거차,전입단섬유중기록도적전활동시래자일개감각단위.후자가이유다개감수기조성.제료감수기지외,아문환관찰도기도내신경절,타문여감수신경적축돌밀절상관.본문증실기도내존재불동형태결구적감수기,병탐토료기생리분류.
Information on the morphology of airway receptors is limited. The present study surveys rabbit airway receptors using immunohistochemical and fluorescent labeling to identify their structure with confocal microscopy. Various receptor types were observed to have multiple branches where a parent axon fed several structures. Receptors were located in different layers of the airway, i.e., smooth muscle, lamina propria (submucosa) and the epithelium. Smooth muscle and submucosal receptors were innervated by thick myelinated fibers, while epithelial receptors were supplied by thin-diameter axons. Structures of smooth muscle receptors and some submucosal receptors covered a relatively large area, while epithelial receptors were less extended. In addition, intrapulmonary ganglia were also labeled. Some were closely associated with the axons of smooth muscle receptors.