中国地方病学杂志
中國地方病學雜誌
중국지방병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENDEMIOLOGY
2010年
6期
659-662
,共4页
刘安平%彭良斌%运珞珈%罗枝笋%胡继云%刘文东%樊莉蕊%张琦%张刚%陈广杰%吴瑞肖%白尧%张旭%吴传松%余小垓
劉安平%彭良斌%運珞珈%囉枝筍%鬍繼雲%劉文東%樊莉蕊%張琦%張剛%陳廣傑%吳瑞肖%白堯%張旭%吳傳鬆%餘小垓
류안평%팽량빈%운락가%라지순%호계운%류문동%번리예%장기%장강%진엄걸%오서초%백요%장욱%오전송%여소해
鼠科%数据收集%环境监测
鼠科%數據收集%環境鑑測
서과%수거수집%배경감측
Muridae%Data collection%Environmental monitoring
目的 了解三峡大坝水位变化对当地鼠类生存的影响,为鼠传播疾病的控制提供依据.方法在三峡坝区,选择位于坝区上下游的银杏沱村、龙潭坪村、石板村、沙坪村为调查点,采用Elton夹夜法,每次连续捕鼠2 d.收集鼠夹,计算鼠密度并鉴定鼠种,比较室内外鼠种、鼠密度及水库156 m蓄水前后鼠密度变化,分析蓄水及清库对坝区鼠密度的影响.结果共捕鼠678只,其中室内517只,室外161.室内黄胸鼠为优势鼠种,共捕获189只,占36.49%(189/517);室外黑线姬鼠为优势鼠种,共捕获91只,占56.88%(91/161);室内外鼠种构成比较差异有统计学意义(x2=678.00,P＜0.01).共布有效夹8036夹次,平均鼠密度为8.44%(678/8036),其中室内鼠密度为14.44%(517/3581),室外鼠密度为3.61%(161/4455),室内外鼠密度比较差异有统计学意义(x2=301.04,P＜0.01).大坝蓄水至156 m后鼠密度(10%,513/5132)明显高于蓄水前(5.68%,165/2904),蓄水前后鼠密度比较差异有统计学意义(x2=44.68,P＜0.01).坝区上游鼠密度随蓄水的升高变化明显,在2007年5月至2008年5月,鼠密度形成一个高位平台,依次为12.25%(80/653)、13.16%(90/684)、12.95%(90/695),到下一次清库后有所下降(8.38%,28/334).结论三峡大坝工程及水库蓄水后的水位变化改变了鼠类的生存环境,致当地的鼠密度发生了改变,今后应加强对坝区鼠类的监测,防止鼠传播疾病的局部爆发或流行.
目的 瞭解三峽大壩水位變化對噹地鼠類生存的影響,為鼠傳播疾病的控製提供依據.方法在三峽壩區,選擇位于壩區上下遊的銀杏沱村、龍潭坪村、石闆村、沙坪村為調查點,採用Elton夾夜法,每次連續捕鼠2 d.收集鼠夾,計算鼠密度併鑒定鼠種,比較室內外鼠種、鼠密度及水庫156 m蓄水前後鼠密度變化,分析蓄水及清庫對壩區鼠密度的影響.結果共捕鼠678隻,其中室內517隻,室外161.室內黃胸鼠為優勢鼠種,共捕穫189隻,佔36.49%(189/517);室外黑線姬鼠為優勢鼠種,共捕穫91隻,佔56.88%(91/161);室內外鼠種構成比較差異有統計學意義(x2=678.00,P＜0.01).共佈有效夾8036夾次,平均鼠密度為8.44%(678/8036),其中室內鼠密度為14.44%(517/3581),室外鼠密度為3.61%(161/4455),室內外鼠密度比較差異有統計學意義(x2=301.04,P＜0.01).大壩蓄水至156 m後鼠密度(10%,513/5132)明顯高于蓄水前(5.68%,165/2904),蓄水前後鼠密度比較差異有統計學意義(x2=44.68,P＜0.01).壩區上遊鼠密度隨蓄水的升高變化明顯,在2007年5月至2008年5月,鼠密度形成一箇高位平檯,依次為12.25%(80/653)、13.16%(90/684)、12.95%(90/695),到下一次清庫後有所下降(8.38%,28/334).結論三峽大壩工程及水庫蓄水後的水位變化改變瞭鼠類的生存環境,緻噹地的鼠密度髮生瞭改變,今後應加彊對壩區鼠類的鑑測,防止鼠傳播疾病的跼部爆髮或流行.
목적 료해삼협대패수위변화대당지서류생존적영향,위서전파질병적공제제공의거.방법재삼협패구,선택위우패구상하유적은행타촌、룡담평촌、석판촌、사평촌위조사점,채용Elton협야법,매차련속포서2 d.수집서협,계산서밀도병감정서충,비교실내외서충、서밀도급수고156 m축수전후서밀도변화,분석축수급청고대패구서밀도적영향.결과공포서678지,기중실내517지,실외161.실내황흉서위우세서충,공포획189지,점36.49%(189/517);실외흑선희서위우세서충,공포획91지,점56.88%(91/161);실내외서충구성비교차이유통계학의의(x2=678.00,P＜0.01).공포유효협8036협차,평균서밀도위8.44%(678/8036),기중실내서밀도위14.44%(517/3581),실외서밀도위3.61%(161/4455),실내외서밀도비교차이유통계학의의(x2=301.04,P＜0.01).대패축수지156 m후서밀도(10%,513/5132)명현고우축수전(5.68%,165/2904),축수전후서밀도비교차이유통계학의의(x2=44.68,P＜0.01).패구상유서밀도수축수적승고변화명현,재2007년5월지2008년5월,서밀도형성일개고위평태,의차위12.25%(80/653)、13.16%(90/684)、12.95%(90/695),도하일차청고후유소하강(8.38%,28/334).결론삼협대패공정급수고축수후적수위변화개변료서류적생존배경,치당지적서밀도발생료개변,금후응가강대패구서류적감측,방지서전파질병적국부폭발혹류행.
Objective To study the impacts of the Three Gorges dam and change of water level on the survival of the local rodents, and to provide scientific basis to control the outbreak of rodent-borne diseases.Methods Four villages located around the Three Gorges dam were selected in the study. The mouse populations by using Elton night trapping method was monitored. Metallic spring traps were set for two consecutive nights. The mouse density and identified the mouse species was calculated. The mouse species indoor and outdoor, as well as the mouse density indoor and outdoor were compared. The impacts of water level in the dam and cleaning work on local mouse density were also analyzed. Results A total of 678 mice were caught in this study, 517 were caught indoor and 161 outdoor. Indoor dominant species was flavipectus; accounting for 36.49%(189/517), while outdoor was apodemus, reaching 56.88% (91/161). For mouse species, there was a significant difference between indoor and outdoor(x2 = 678.00, P ＜ 0.01 ). The average mouse density was 8.44%(678/8036) in trap nights. Indoor mouse density reached 14.44%(517/3581 ), which was significantly higher than that of outdoor(3.61%, 161/4455 ).For mouse density, there was a significant difference between indoor and outdoor(x2 = 301.04, P ＜ 0.01 ). When the water level was up to 156 m, mouse density reached 10%(513/5132), which was higher than that of before (5.68%, 165/2904). There was a significant difference in mouse density before and after reserving water (x2 = 44.68, P ＜ 0.01 ). With the change of water level, upstream mouse density formed a high platform from May 2007 to May 2008, followed by 12.25%(80/653), 13.16%(90/684), 12.95%(90/695), and decreased to 8.38%(28/334) after cleaning of the dam. Conclusions The Three Gorges dam and change of water level actually alter the survival environment of the local mouse, and affect local mouse density and mouse species. These may lead to local outbreak or epidemic of rodent-borne diseases.
