CAJ | 학술논문

利用1961—2001年青藏高原气象站点气温降水数据,以及20世纪70—90年代青藏高原的遥感影像及搜集到的青藏高原冻土、冰川、植被、沙漠化、河流径流等观测数据,分析了20世纪60年代以来青藏高原气候变化及其地域变化的差异,及由于气候变化导致的青藏高原出现的生态效应及其环境问题。青藏高原对于现代的全球变暖响应显著,距今高原平均增温速率为0.16℃/10年,大于全国的增幅;降水呈微弱增加趋势,且气温与降水的变化表现出显著的地域差异;高原西部对响应全球变暖更为敏感;气候变化导致高原产生了一系列生态效应,主要包括冻土退化迅速,冰川萎缩,植被带发生迁移,土地沙化面积扩大,三江源区地表径流减少,湖泊萎缩,湿地退化。
이용1961—2001년청장고원기상참점기온강수수거,이급20세기70—90년대청장고원적요감영상급수집도적청장고원동토、빙천、식피、사막화、하류경류등관측수거,분석료20세기60년대이래청장고원기후변화급기지역변화적차이,급유우기후변화도치적청장고원출현적생태효응급기배경문제。청장고원대우현대적전구변난향응현저,거금고원평균증온속솔위0.16℃/10년,대우전국적증폭;강수정미약증가추세,차기온여강수적변화표현출현저적지역차이;고원서부대향응전구변난경위민감;기후변화도치고원산생료일계렬생태효응,주요포괄동토퇴화신속,빙천위축,식피대발생천이,토지사화면적확대,삼강원구지표경류감소,호박위축,습지퇴화。
Based on the meteorological data of temperature and precipitation from 1961 to 2001 and remote sensing images during 1970＇s and 1990＇s,and observational data of permafrost,glacial,vegetation,desertification and river flow on the Tibetan Plateau,climate change differences of the plateau and other region were analyzed.Tibetan plateau responded to modern global warming was significant.The average warming rate of 0.16 ℃/10 a was greater than that of the nation in past 40 years.Precipitation showed a slight increasing trend.Changes in temperature and precipitation showed significant regional differences.The response of the west plateau to global change was more sensitive.Climate changes on the plateau have resulted in ecologiacl problems,including premafrost edgradation,glaciers shrinking,changes in vegetation,grassland degradation,desertification,reduction of surface runoff,lake and marsh degradation.