中国南方果树
中國南方果樹
중국남방과수
SOUTH CHINA FRUITS
2001年
3期
3-6
,共4页
柑桔%天敌%寄生蜂%控制作用
柑桔%天敵%寄生蜂%控製作用
감길%천활%기생봉%공제작용
柑桔软蚧和褐软蚧两类蚧虫，在国外部分国家成为难以对付的害虫，主要是缺乏具有制约作用的寄生性天敌。目前在我国桔区为害并不严重，无须采取防治措施，这完全得益于寄生性天敌的自然控制作用。本文对浙江桔区这两类蚧虫的14种寄生蜂的发生、分布及其天然制约作用进行了深入研究，以跳小蜂科(Encyrtidae)的软蚧花翅跳小蜂、蜡蚧花翅跳小蜂、黑褐花翅跳小蜂、软蚧阔柄跳小蜂和蚜小蜂科的赖食软蚧蚜小蜂为优势种，寄生率高达80%～100%，在桔园只要有上述5种中任何一种寄生蜂存在，足以控制两类蚧虫为害。
柑桔軟蚧和褐軟蚧兩類蚧蟲，在國外部分國傢成為難以對付的害蟲，主要是缺乏具有製約作用的寄生性天敵。目前在我國桔區為害併不嚴重，無鬚採取防治措施，這完全得益于寄生性天敵的自然控製作用。本文對浙江桔區這兩類蚧蟲的14種寄生蜂的髮生、分佈及其天然製約作用進行瞭深入研究，以跳小蜂科(Encyrtidae)的軟蚧花翅跳小蜂、蠟蚧花翅跳小蜂、黑褐花翅跳小蜂、軟蚧闊柄跳小蜂和蚜小蜂科的賴食軟蚧蚜小蜂為優勢種，寄生率高達80%～100%，在桔園隻要有上述5種中任何一種寄生蜂存在，足以控製兩類蚧蟲為害。
감길연개화갈연개량류개충，재국외부분국가성위난이대부적해충，주요시결핍구유제약작용적기생성천활。목전재아국길구위해병불엄중，무수채취방치조시，저완전득익우기생성천활적자연공제작용。본문대절강길구저량류개충적14충기생봉적발생、분포급기천연제약작용진행료심입연구，이도소봉과(Encyrtidae)적연개화시도소봉、사개화시도소봉、흑갈화시도소봉、연개활병도소봉화아소봉과적뢰식연개아소봉위우세충，기생솔고체80%～100%，재길완지요유상술5충중임하일충기생봉존재，족이공제량류개충위해。
Two Soft Acales Coccus pseudomanoliarum Kuw. and C. hesperidum L. are difficult to be controlled in some oversea areas where parasitic wasps are not occurred. Presently,those two scales have no serious damage to the citrus plantings in China, since the natural control by parasitic wasps is effective. The results of the study on the occurrence, distrbution and natural control effect of fourteen parasitic wasps parasitized on two scales in Zhejiang citrus planting areas are presented. The results indicated that Microterys flovus How., M. ceroplastae Prirtsloo, M.sp and Metaphycus pulvinariae How. of Encyrtidae and Coccophagus iycimnia(Walks) of Aphelindae are predominant, the rate of parasitism is 80-100%. If any one of the above mentioned five species of parasitic wasp is occurred in the orchard, the damage caursed by those two scales could be controlled.
