CAJ | 학술논문

通过土壤原状土柱和填充土柱实验，研究了土壤优先水流的特征和非吸附性离子Br-和NO-3在土壤中的优先迁移.结果表明，土壤优先水流存在优先穿透、穿透曲线不对称性、侧向入渗和拖尾等特征.原状土柱中Br-标记的优先水流在实验开始后24h出现穿透，穿透时的孔隙体积仅0.04.在原状土柱中，以Br-标记的土壤优先水流占土壤出流总量的26％，所引起的Br-累积淋出量占总淋出量的86.7％，说明土壤优先水流虽只占出流总量较小的比例，却可造成较大比例的溶质迁移.优先水流可使NO-3快速向下迁移，在仅1倍孔隙体积时，其出流中可收获投加量的11％.优先水流可使Br-和NO-3向土壤较深层次迁移的同时，发生径向扩散.
통과토양원상토주화전충토주실험，연구료토양우선수류적특정화비흡부성리자Br-화NO-3재토양중적우선천이.결과표명，토양우선수류존재우선천투、천투곡선불대칭성、측향입삼화타미등특정.원상토주중Br-표기적우선수류재실험개시후24h출현천투，천투시적공극체적부0.04.재원상토주중，이Br-표기적토양우선수류점토양출류총량적26％，소인기적Br-루적림출량점총림출량적86.7％，설명토양우선수류수지점출류총량교소적비례，각가조성교대비례적용질천이.우선수류가사NO-3쾌속향하천이，재부1배공극체적시，기출류중가수획투가량적11％.우선수류가사Br-화NO-3향토양교심층차천이적동시，발생경향확산.
The characteristics of soil preferential flow and the preferential migrate in soil for non-absorptive bromide and nitrate ions were studied. With undisturbed and packed soil columns, the results showed that soil preferential flow was characterized with preferential breakthrough, non-symmetric breakthrough curve, lateral infiltration, tailing and so on. The preferential breakthrough for Br- was 24 hours after it was applied, and the leachate volume was only 0.04 times asmuch as the pore volumes. The preferential flow for Br- accounted for 26% of total flux in the undisturbed soil columns. But the accumulative leachate mass for Br- resulted from the preferential flow were 86.7% of total accumulative leachate mass, showing that the soil preferential flow accounted for relative small ratio of the flux, but caused relative much more solute transference. NO-3 was moved down rapidly by preferential flow at only one time as large as pore volumes, and got 11% of the applied amount, respectively. As a result of the preferential flow, the lateral infiltra-tion flow enabled Bt- and NO3- rapidly distribute and diffuse into the deeper soil.