CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨干旱胁迫条件下小麦旗叶光合性状的变化及其对产量的影响,以小麦RIL群体(旱选10号×鲁麦14)F_8代的305个株系及其亲本为材料,分析雨养和灌溉两种水分条件下,开花期和灌浆期旗叶叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光动力学参数的变化情况、相关关系、遗传力、基因数目以及不同性状与产量的关系.结果表明,在两种水分条件下,RIL群体性状多数表现超亲现象,变异系数为1.12%～67.05%.雨养条件下抗旱亲本旱选10号的旗叶叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光动力学参数比水地品种鲁麦14表现稳定.两种水分条件下,两个生育时期的旗叶叶绿素含量极显著正相关,而荧光动力学参数相关性表现复杂,F_m与F_v、F_o/F_m与F_v/F_m之间相关性最高,相关系数大于0.994.在所有性状中,叶绿素含量的遗传力最高;多数性状在雨养条件下的基因数目多于灌溉条件的,控制灌浆期F_v/F_o的基因数目最多,达34对.灰色关联度分析显示,灌浆期F_m、F_v及F_o与F_m曲线之间的面积对产量影响较大,可以作为选择抗旱高光效小麦的重要评价指标.
위탐토간한협박조건하소맥기협광합성상적변화급기대산량적영향,이소맥RIL군체(한선10호×로맥14)F_8대적305개주계급기친본위재료,분석우양화관개량충수분조건하,개화기화관장기기협협록소함량화협록소형광동역학삼수적변화정황、상관관계、유전력、기인수목이급불동성상여산량적관계.결과표명,재량충수분조건하,RIL군체성상다수표현초친현상,변이계수위1.12%～67.05%.우양조건하항한친본한선10호적기협협록소함량급협록소형광동역학삼수비수지품충로맥14표현은정.량충수분조건하,량개생육시기적기협협록소함량겁현저정상관,이형광동역학삼수상관성표현복잡,F_m여F_v、F_o/F_m여F_v/F_m지간상관성최고,상관계수대우0.994.재소유성상중,협록소함량적유전력최고;다수성상재우양조건하적기인수목다우관개조건적,공제관장기F_v/F_o적기인수목최다,체34대.회색관련도분석현시,관장기F_m、F_v급F_o여F_m곡선지간적면적대산량영향교대,가이작위선택항한고광효소맥적중요평개지표.
Drought stress impacts photosynthetic characteristics and results in a diminished output in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the variety screening and breeding of wheat for high photosynthetic efficiency and drought resistance, indices for the assess-ment are of great importance. Although a few investigators have studied the physiological mechanism of photosynthesis on the basis of the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters with several wheat varieties, the relationships between these parameters and grain yield were not completely clear. The inheritance of chlorophyll related traits under different water conditions has not been reported, especially using genetic populations. To dissect the dynamics of photosynthetic characteristics and the heritabilities of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters in wheat, the authors have constructed a set of recombi-nant inbred lines (RILs) through crossing a highly drought-resistant variety, Hanxuan 10, and a high-yielding variety Lumai 14 grown in irrigated areas. In this study, 305 RILs of F_8 generation were evaluated in well-watered and rainfed (drought stress) en-vironments, and traits of chlorophyll content and 7 chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters in flag leaves were measured at flowering and filling stages. Most of the mean values of traits showed substantial transgressive segregation in the RILs, and the variation coefficients ranged from 1.12% to 67.05% under both water regimes. All traits measurements except for F_o and F_o/F_m inthe RILs and their parents were lower under rainfed condition than under the well-watered condition. The chlorophyll content and the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters were more stable in Hanxuan 10 than in Lumai 14. Significantly positive correla-tions were observed in chlorophyll content between either water conditions or growth stages, and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.499 (P<0.01) to 0.717 (P<0.01). However, correlations among the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters were complex, of which the largest correlation coefficients (more than 0.994) were observed between F_m and F_v and between F_o/F_m and F_v/F_m. Among all the traits tested, chlorophyll content had the highest heritability that was no less than 0.81 in both treatments. According to the primary estimates, most traits under rainfed condition were controlled by more genes than underwell-watered condition. For instance, the maximum genes, totally 34, were detected for F_v/F_o at filling stage under rainfed condi-tion; 33 genes were detected for F_v at filling stage under rainfed condition and for F_v/F_m and F_o/F_m at flowering stage under rain-fed condition; 32 genes were found for F_m at filling stage under rainfed condition. The gray relational grade analysis indicated that F_v, F_m, and the area between curves of F_o and F_m at filling stage made important impacts on the grain yield. Therefore, they are considered as important indices in the selection of drought tolerance and high photosynthetic efficiency in wheat.