CAJ | 학술논문

目的掌握2004-2006年内蒙古呼和浩特市地方性砷中毒流行病学特点,为地方性砷中毒的防治提供科学依据.方法根据以往水砷筛查结果,在呼和浩特市土默特左旗、托克托县、和林格尔县3个旗(县)的51个高砷自然村进行地方性砷中毒病情调查.在水砷为0.05～0.15 mg/L的自然村,对饮用高砷水的家庭成员进行调查:在水砷>0.15 mg/L的自然村,进行病情普查,普查率不低于90%.地方性砷中毒诊断按<地方性砷中毒诊断标准)(WS/T211-2001)进行.结果共调查病区居民28 083人,检出砷中毒患者3978人,检出率为14.17%(3978/28 083).其中可疑患者1722例,检出率为6.13%(1722/28 083);轻度患者1897例,检出率为6.75%(1897/28 083);中度患者329例,检出率为1.17%(329/28 083);重度患者30例,检出率为0.11%(30/28 083).病情主要以可疑和轻度为主.检出皮肤色素脱失2428例,检出率为8.65%(2428/28 083);皮肤色素沉着895例,检出率为3.19%(895/28 083);掌跖皮肤角化1821例,检出率为6.48%(1821/28 083);皮肤色素脱失和皮肤色素沉着同时表现的有598例,检出率为2.13%(598/28 083);皮肤色素脱失、皮肤色素沉着和掌跖皮肤角化同时表现的有265例,检出率为0.94%(265/28 083).皮肤损害以皮肤色素脱失和掌跖皮肤角化改变为主.患病人群主要集中于40岁以上年龄组,占89.52%(3561/3978).男性检出率[15.08%(2209/14644)]高于女性[13.16%(1769/13 439)].结论呼和浩特市地方性砷中毒病情表现轻,但病情监测工作仍不能忽视,今后仍应加大防治工作力度.
목적 장악2004-2006년내몽고호화호특시지방성신중독류행병학특점,위지방성신중독적방치제공과학의거.방법 근거이왕수신사사결과,재호화호특시토묵특좌기、탁극탁현、화림격이현3개기(현)적51개고신자연촌진행지방성신중독병정조사.재수신위0.05～0.15 mg/L적자연촌,대음용고신수적가정성원진행조사:재수신>0.15 mg/L적자연촌,진행병정보사,보사솔불저우90%.지방성신중독진단안<지방성신중독진단표준)(WS/T211-2001)진행.결과 공조사병구거민28 083인,검출신중독환자3978인,검출솔위14.17%(3978/28 083).기중가의환자1722례,검출솔위6.13%(1722/28 083);경도환자1897례,검출솔위6.75%(1897/28 083);중도환자329례,검출솔위1.17%(329/28 083);중도환자30례,검출솔위0.11%(30/28 083).병정주요이가의화경도위주.검출피부색소탈실2428례,검출솔위8.65%(2428/28 083);피부색소침착895례,검출솔위3.19%(895/28 083);장척피부각화1821례,검출솔위6.48%(1821/28 083);피부색소탈실화피부색소침착동시표현적유598례,검출솔위2.13%(598/28 083);피부색소탈실、피부색소침착화장척피부각화동시표현적유265례,검출솔위0.94%(265/28 083).피부손해이피부색소탈실화장척피부각화개변위주.환병인군주요집중우40세이상년령조,점89.52%(3561/3978).남성검출솔[15.08%(2209/14644)]고우녀성[13.16%(1769/13 439)].결론 호화호특시지방성신중독병정표현경,단병정감측공작잉불능홀시,금후잉응가대방치공작력도.
Objective To study the epidemiological features of the endemic arsenism in Hohhot of Inner Mongolia in 2004-2006 in order to get scientific evidence for the control and prevention. Methods The historical data in Huhhot revealed that 51 arsenic villages in 3 counties(Tumotezuo,Tuoketuo and Helingeer) were investigated. When arsenic content in drinking water was 0.05-0.15 mg/L,the situation of endemic arsenism was investigated in the households having high arsenic contents of water. When arsenic content in drinking water was greater than 0.15 mg/L,the survey was conducted to investigate arsenic patients with census. Census rate was not lower than 90%. Patients of endemic amenism were diagnosed by The Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism (WS/T 211-2001). Results A total 28 083 people were examined,3978 were determined to be patients with arsenism,including 1722 being suspicious, 1897 mild,329 secondary and 30 severe. The total incidence of arsenism was 14.17% (3978/28 083),while the incidence of suspicious,mild,secondary and severe disease was 6.13% (1722/28 083) ,6.75% (1897/28 083),1.17% (329/28 083) and 0.11% (30/28 083),respectively. Suspicious and mild patients were most frequently seen. The incidence of dyspigmentation,pigmentation,ketatoses,both dyspigmentation and pigmentation and all of skin disorders was 8.65% (2428/28 083),3.19% (895/28 083),6.48% (1821/28 083),2.13%(598/28 083) and 0.94%(265/28 083),respectively. The most seen skin disorders were dyspigmentation and ketatoses. The disease mostly occurred in those aged over 40 years,the incidence was 89.52% (3561/3978). The incidence of male [15.08%(2209/14 644)]was more than that of female[13.16%(1769/13 439)].Conclusions Current condition of arsenism in Hohhot is mild,arsenic disease surveillance should keep going. Prevention and control needs to be reinforced in the future.