CAJ | 학술논문

应用化学杂交剂(CHA)诱导雄性不育是小麦杂种优势利用中一条重要而简捷的途径。BAU9403是北京农业大学独立合成筛选出的新型化学杂交剂, 已申请国家专利。我们从1997年开始连续3年对BAU9403的使用技术进行了研究, 1999年在6个小麦不同生态区进行了统一设计的试验，目的在于为BAU9403的产业化提供技术依据。试验结果表明，在小麦雌雄蕊分化期至药隔期，用0.75 kg/hm2剂量的BAU9403，可以诱导接近完全的雄性不育，雌雄蕊分化期和药隔期两个使用时期间无显著差别，但不同品种的最佳施用时期有差别。BAU9403的适宜使用时期可达7 d以上。相同的基因型多年多点试验结果说明BAU9403的杀雄效果在不同地点及同一地点不同年份是稳定的，但不同年份可能因气候条件的不同要求对使用剂量进行适当的调节。BAU9403对雌蕊活性基本上无影响, 3年平均异交种子产量相对较高。随着施用剂量的增加，结实率和种子产量降低，说明控制或使用能够诱导满意的雄性不育率的最低剂量是必要的，这也有利于降低制种成本。
응용화학잡교제(CHA)유도웅성불육시소맥잡충우세이용중일조중요이간첩적도경。BAU9403시북경농업대학독립합성사선출적신형화학잡교제, 이신청국가전리。아문종1997년개시련속3년대BAU9403적사용기술진행료연구, 1999년재6개소맥불동생태구진행료통일설계적시험，목적재우위BAU9403적산업화제공기술의거。시험결과표명，재소맥자웅예분화기지약격기，용0.75 kg/hm2제량적BAU9403，가이유도접근완전적웅성불육，자웅예분화기화약격기량개사용시기간무현저차별，단불동품충적최가시용시기유차별。BAU9403적괄의사용시기가체7 d이상。상동적기인형다년다점시험결과설명BAU9403적살웅효과재불동지점급동일지점불동년빈시은정적，단불동년빈가능인기후조건적불동요구대사용제량진행괄당적조절。BAU9403대자예활성기본상무영향, 3년평균이교충자산량상대교고。수착시용제량적증가，결실솔화충자산량강저，설명공제혹사용능구유도만의적웅성불육솔적최저제량시필요적，저야유리우강저제충성본。
It is an effective way to use chemical hybridizing agents (CHA) to produce hybrid seed in wheat. The application technique of BAU9403, a new patent CHA made in Beijing Agricultural University, has been studied for 3 years since 1997. The research in 1999 conducted in 6 different wheat ecological environments. The results indicated that BAU9403 could induce nearly completed male sterile in rate of 0.75 kg/hm2 from the stage of formation of pistil and stamen to connective stage with no significant difference between two stages，but for different cultivars the effective stage could be different. The duration for BAU9403 applying was about 7 days. A genotype, BAU95, which has been test in Beijing for 3 years, was tested in Shanxi, Hebei and Beijing in 1999. The similar male sterile rate of BAU95 would indicate that BAU9403 was functional stably in different site and different years, but for dry year the higher rate may be needed. The results also showed that BAU9403 was no side effects on pistil activity and the seed yield of the female were relative high, but seed set and seed yield would be reduced along with the increase of the rate. It was necessary to use optimum rate.