CAJ | 학술논문

对Pestalotiopsis属的P. theae和P. guepinii菌侵染茶叶后的症状表现、菌落、形态特征和病菌生物学特性作比较观察.结果表明:发病初期二病症状差别不大,后期明显区分,轮斑病斑褐色具轮纹,着生明显凸起的黑点;灰斑病斑灰白,散生小黑点.前者菌落具轮纹,分生孢子附属丝2～4条;后者菌落波状隆起,分生孢子附属丝2～5条.2种菌孢子萌发适温25℃,萌发率分别为87.5%和86.1%.茶汁能促进孢子萌发和产孢.强光照对孢子萌发、菌丝生长及产孢皆有明显抑制作用.P. theae菌丝生长适温为26～28℃,P. guepinii菌则为24～25℃;以PDA培养基最适2者菌丝生长,PSA+200 g/L茶叶煎汁培养基利于产孢.P. theae菌适宜pH值为6.0,P. guepinii菌则为7.5.用2种菌孢子茶汁悬液结合磨擦对新梢不同叶龄作涂抹接种.结果显示:伤口利于侵染,P. theae菌孢子可直接从芽、嫩叶侵入,也侵染损伤的成叶;P. guepinii菌孢子只能从损伤的芽、嫩叶和成叶侵染.
대Pestalotiopsis속적P. theae화P. guepinii균침염다협후적증상표현、균락、형태특정화병균생물학특성작비교관찰.결과표명:발병초기이병증상차별불대,후기명현구분,륜반병반갈색구륜문,착생명현철기적흑점;회반병반회백,산생소흑점.전자균락구륜문,분생포자부속사2～4조;후자균락파상륭기,분생포자부속사2～5조.2충균포자맹발괄온25℃,맹발솔분별위87.5%화86.1%.다즙능촉진포자맹발화산포.강광조대포자맹발、균사생장급산포개유명현억제작용.P. theae균사생장괄온위26～28℃,P. guepinii균칙위24～25℃;이PDA배양기최괄2자균사생장,PSA+200 g/L다협전즙배양기리우산포.P. theae균괄의pH치위6.0,P. guepinii균칙위7.5.용2충균포자다즙현액결합마찰대신소불동협령작도말접충.결과현시:상구리우침염,P. theae균포자가직접종아、눈협침입,야침염손상적성협;P. guepinii균포자지능종손상적아、눈협화성협침염.
In this paper, symptoms caused by P. theae and P. guepinii of Pestalotiopsis genus on the leaves were compared, and the colony, morphological features and biological characteristics of the two pathogens were observed. The results indicated that, in the early stages the symptoms between two pathoens only showed a small difference. However, symptoms were marked distinction in the later stage. The points on tea leaves caused by P. theae was brown and with concentric ring and protruding black points, the symptoms of gray leaf spot was grey and scattered with small black points. The colonies of P. theae fungus appeared concentric ring, appendages of conidium amounted to 2~4. The colonies of P. guepinii fungus appeared wavy uplifting, appendages amounted to 2~5. The optimal temperature for spore germination of the both pathogens was 25℃, with the germination rate 87.5% and 86.1% respectively. The tea juice promoted the spore germination and sporulation. The spore germination, hyphal growth and the sporulation were inhibited obviousely by strong light. The optimal temperature for hypha growth of P. theae was 26~28℃, and the P. guepini was 24~25℃. PDA was the optimum medium for hypha growth of the two pathogens and the PSA supplemented with 200 g/L tea juice was suitable for their sporulation. The optimum pH for hypha growth of the P. theae was 6.0 and the P. guepini was 7.5. The spore suspension of two pathogens with tea juice was inoculated on tea leaves at different age which were slightly scraped on the surface or not. Results showed that wounds were helpful to the infection of P. theae spores and penetrated via the bud, and tender leaves were favorable for infection directly, but also infected the wound mature leaf. P. guepinii spores could only infected the bud, tender leaf and mature leaf that after scraping.