CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究施用缓释肥料对作物产量、养分利用率和环境污染的影响.[方法]以丘北小椒(Capsicum.frutescens L.)为研究对象,采用田间小区试验探讨了缓释肥料在丘北小椒上的施用效果与环保效应.[结果]施用缓释肥料可改善丘北小椒主要的农艺性状;与Conv-F相比,缓释肥增加辣椒产量达20.90%,经济效益增加13 234.35 元/hm2,产投比提高达47.93%;在施肥量(氮磷钾养分和比例)相同的条件下,缓释肥增加辣椒产量达5.26%,经济效益增加5 554.80元/hm2,产投比提高达9.91%;在降低缓释肥用量20%的条件下,辣椒产量比Conv-F提高达12.38%,经济效益增加9 595.20元/hm2,产投比提高达65.95%;N、P和K的当季利用率比Conv-F处理分别提高了12.42～17.53,3.35～5.24和5.37～14.02个百分点.[结论]缓释肥不但显著减少肥料资源的浪费,提高肥料利用率,而且减少了肥料养分流失造成的污染,对生态环境的保护和促进农业的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义.
[목적]연구시용완석비료대작물산량、양분이용솔화배경오염적영향.[방법]이구북소초(Capsicum.frutescens L.)위연구대상,채용전간소구시험탐토료완석비료재구북소초상적시용효과여배보효응.[결과]시용완석비료가개선구북소초주요적농예성상;여Conv-F상비,완석비증가랄초산량체20.90%,경제효익증가13 234.35 원/hm2,산투비제고체47.93%;재시비량(담린갑양분화비례)상동적조건하,완석비증가랄초산량체5.26%,경제효익증가5 554.80원/hm2,산투비제고체9.91%;재강저완석비용량20%적조건하,랄초산량비Conv-F제고체12.38%,경제효익증가9 595.20원/hm2,산투비제고체65.95%;N、P화K적당계이용솔비Conv-F처리분별제고료12.42～17.53,3.35～5.24화5.37～14.02개백분점.[결론]완석비불단현저감소비료자원적낭비,제고비료이용솔,이차감소료비료양분류실조성적오염,대생태배경적보호화촉진농업적가지속발전구유중요적현실의의.
[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of slow and controlled release fertilizers(SCRF) on the yield of qiubei hot pepper, its nutrient use efficiency and environment. [Method] Using Qiubei hot pepper( Capsicum frutescens L. ) as the experimental material, we studied the fertilization effect and environment-protecting effect of SCRF. [Result] The result showed that SCRF could improve the agronomic characteristics of hot pepper. Compared to singly applied common fertilizers, SCRF increased economic yield by 20.90% and economic benefit by 13 234.35 Yuan/hm2, and the ratio of output to input was improved by 47.93%. In comparison with common straight fertilizers at same NPK proportion and rate, SCRF increased economic yield by 5.26% and economic benefit by 5 554.80 Yuan/hm2, and the ratio of output to input was improved by 9.91%. Under the reduced use of SCRF by 20%, SCRF increased economic yield by 12.38% and economic benefit by 9595.20 Yuan/hm2 compared with singly applied common fertilizers, and the ratio of output to input was improved by 65.95%. SCRF improved nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use efficiencies by 12.42 - 17.53, 3.35 -5.24 and 5.37 - 14.02 percents respectively. [Conclusion] As the result of much reduced N and P application rates, SCRF would significantly economize fertilizer resources and minimize the pollution caused by the loss of fertilizer nutrients, which is of practical importance for environment protection.