CAJ | 학술논문

本研究对四倍体小麦与农艺性状关系密切的数量性状位点(QTL)进行分析和作图.利用二粒小麦(T.dicoccoides) Hermon H52和栽培品种langdon (T.durum)杂种F2中的150个单株进行作图.建立了显性、共显性两种以P CR为基础的分子框架图模型.该图谱超过3000cM,覆盖整个基因组.分析了11个重要农艺性状:株高(HT),抽穗期(HD),单株穗数(SNP),每穗小穗数(SLS),单株穗重(SWP),单穗重( SSW),单株粒数(KNP),单穗粒数(KNS),小穗粒数(KNL),百粒重(GWH),和单株籽粒产量(Y LD).运用新的计算机软件MultiQTL分析处理单个QTL,11个性状共检测到49个QTL位点.每个性状的QTL数目从2个(HT)到7个(GWH)不等.所有的QTLs通过统计检验在5%或更高的水平上达到显著;正态检验表明大多数QTLs是真实存在.这些QTL主要分布在四条染色体上的6个区域,并不是在染色体上随机分布,其中与11个性状有关的23个主要QTLs,一半以上分布在2A 和5A上的3个区域,而且许多QTLs排列在非常短的染色体片段上(小于5cM).在T.di coccoides中发现一些有利隐蔽等位基因.这一研究说明T.dicoccoides在小麦改良中是一个珍贵的种质资源,对它进行研究,能加快小麦的遗传分析,促进T.dicoccoides中有利基因向普通小麦渗透并对其基因克隆打下了坚实的基础.
본연구대사배체소맥여농예성상관계밀절적수량성상위점(QTL)진행분석화작도.이용이립소맥(T.dicoccoides) Hermon H52화재배품충langdon (T.durum)잡충F2중적150개단주진행작도.건립료현성、공현성량충이P CR위기출적분자광가도모형.해도보초과3000cM,복개정개기인조.분석료11개중요농예성상:주고(HT),추수기(HD),단주수수(SNP),매수소수수(SLS),단주수중(SWP),단수중( SSW),단주립수(KNP),단수립수(KNS),소수립수(KNL),백립중(GWH),화단주자립산량(Y LD).운용신적계산궤연건MultiQTL분석처리단개QTL,11개성상공검측도49개QTL위점.매개성상적QTL수목종2개(HT)도7개(GWH)불등.소유적QTLs통과통계검험재5%혹경고적수평상체도현저;정태검험표명대다수QTLs시진실존재.저사QTL주요분포재사조염색체상적6개구역,병불시재염색체상수궤분포,기중여11개성상유관적23개주요QTLs,일반이상분포재2A 화5A상적3개구역,이차허다QTLs배렬재비상단적염색체편단상(소우5cM).재T.di coccoides중발현일사유리은폐등위기인.저일연구설명T.dicoccoides재소맥개량중시일개진귀적충질자원,대타진행연구,능가쾌소맥적유전분석,촉진T.dicoccoides중유리기인향보통소맥삼투병대기기인극륭타하료견실적기출.
The objective of the present study is to reveal and map quanti tative trait loci (QTL) conferring agronomic traits in tetraploid wheat, Triticum dicoccoides. An F2 mapping population with 150 indivi duals was developed by crossing T.dicoccoides accession Hermon H 52 with T.durum cultivar Langdon. Two versions of PCR-based mol ecular framework maps were constructed each mainly comprising of codominant mark ers and the dominant markers in coupling phase. Total map size exceeded 3000 cM and covered the entire genome. The following 11 traits of agronomic importance w ere measured: Plant height (HT), heading date (HD), spike number/plant (SNP), sp ikelet number/spike (SLS), spike weight/plant (SWP), single spike weight (SSW), kernel number/plant (KNP), kernel number/spike (KNS), kernel number/spikelet (KN L), 100-grain weight (GWH) and grain yield/plant (YLD). A new computer program MultiQTL was used to conducted the single-QTL analysis. Forty-nine QTLs were r evealed for the 11 traits ranging from two (HT) to seven (GWH) QTLs per trait. A ll the QTLs were proven significant at 5% or higher level by permutation test. B inomial test indicated that large number of QTLs were not detected by chance, an d so were real. The QTLs were not randomly distributed among chromosomes and alo ng chromosomes. Most of the QTLs clustered in six regions on four chromosomes. T wenty-three major QTLs (p＜0.001) were identified for the 11 t raits, and more than half (17) of them clustered in three regions on chromosomes 2A and 5A. Many of the QTLs were mapped to very small chromosomal segments of ＜5 cM. Some cryptic beneficial alleles were uncovered from T.dicoccoide s. The present study confirms that T.dicoccoides is a va luable germplasm for wheat improvement, could accelerate the genetic analysis of wheat, and has laid a solid foundation for QTL introgression and cloning from T.dicoccoides.