CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究α-淀粉酶活性的遗传机理,为抗穗发芽小麦品种的选育和品质育种提供理论依据.[方法]利用已筛选出的α-淀粉酶活性差异大的小麦品种扬麦16和豫麦34进行杂交,创建P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2、B_1、B_2 6个不同世代群体,分别测定α-淀粉酶活性,按二参数、三参数、四参数和五参数遗传模型进行χ~2测验.[结果]只有三参数模型中m、a、d都显著,说明三参数遗传模型即加性-显性遗传模型适合该资料,基因上位作用不明显,这说明α-淀粉酶不同基因位点间的关系为相互累加的关系,位点内既存在加性作用,也存在显性作用.该试验条件在加性-显性遗传模型下,该组合遗传群体中背景均值m为5.159±0.391,加性效应[a]的估值为1.502±0.390,显性效应[d]的估值为3.645±1.056,显性度为1.08>1.[结论]α-淀粉酶活性符合加性-显性遗传模型,基因上位作用不明显,并存在超显性遗传现象.
[목적]연구α-정분매활성적유전궤리,위항수발아소맥품충적선육화품질육충제공이론의거.[방법]이용이사선출적α-정분매활성차이대적소맥품충양맥16화예맥34진행잡교,창건P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2、B_1、B_2 6개불동세대군체,분별측정α-정분매활성,안이삼수、삼삼수、사삼수화오삼수유전모형진행χ~2측험.[결과]지유삼삼수모형중m、a、d도현저,설명삼삼수유전모형즉가성-현성유전모형괄합해자료,기인상위작용불명현,저설명α-정분매불동기인위점간적관계위상호루가적관계,위점내기존재가성작용,야존재현성작용.해시험조건재가성-현성유전모형하,해조합유전군체중배경균치m위5.159±0.391,가성효응[a]적고치위1.502±0.390,현성효응[d]적고치위3.645±1.056,현성도위1.08>1.[결론]α-정분매활성부합가성-현성유전모형,기인상위작용불명현,병존재초현성유전현상.
[Objective] The theoretical basis of the wheat cultivar-breeding with anti-harvest sprouting and good quality was provided through the study on the genetic mechanism of the activity of α-amylase. [Method] 6 wheat populations of different generations: P_1, P_2, F_1, F_2, B_1 and B_2, were created through the hybridization of wheat varieties Yangmai 16 and Yumai 34 with a big difference in the activity of α-amylase and the χ~2 test of the genetic model of the experimental materials was conducted according to two parameters, three parameters, four parameters and five parameters. [Results] There was a significant difference in the value of m, a & d only in three-parameter model, indicating that these data were adaptable for the genetic model of three-parameter: the additive-dominant genetic model. There was not significant genetic epistasis, indicating there was the cumulative relationship among the different gene locus of α-amylase; and inside gene locus there was both the additive effect and dominant role. In the experimental condition under the additive-dominant genetic model, the average value of the genetic background in combination: m was 5.159±0.391, the valuation value of additive effect: [a], was 1.502±0.390 and the valuation value of the dominance effect: [d], was 3.645±1.056, with the dominant degree: 1.08>1. [Conclusion] The activity of α-amylase was in line with the additive-dominance genetic model with the phenomenon of super-dominant inheritance and without the obvious genetic epistatic effect.