CAJ | 학술논문

针对河北省中南部夏玉米区光热资源特点,提出了夏玉米"一小二高三晚"高产栽培思路,并进行了相关研究.其中"一小"指缩小种植行距;"二高"系选种高耐密、高经济系数品种;"三晚"即适当晚定苗保整齐度,晚追肥保穗粒数和千粒重,晚收获提高籽粒饱满度.研究结果表明,选种耐密性好、经济系数>0.53的品种;高密度50 cm左右小行距等行种植;5～6展叶期定苗;在一般施肥水平下,重施底N肥,大喇叭口期再追施N肥30%;宜于高产.延迟夏玉米收获期至10月初,可增产5%～10%;晚收不失为一项增加产量、提高光热水肥土资源利用率的有效措施.
침대하북성중남부하옥미구광열자원특점,제출료하옥미"일소이고삼만"고산재배사로,병진행료상관연구.기중"일소"지축소충식행거;"이고"계선충고내밀、고경제계수품충;"삼만"즉괄당만정묘보정제도,만추비보수립수화천립중,만수획제고자립포만도.연구결과표명,선충내밀성호、경제계수>0.53적품충;고밀도50 cm좌우소행거등행충식;5～6전협기정묘;재일반시비수평하,중시저N비,대나팔구기재추시N비30%;의우고산.연지하옥미수획기지10월초,가증산5%～10%;만수불실위일항증가산량、제고광열수비토자원이용솔적유효조시.
The author proposed a one narrow, two high, and three late cultivation approach for high-yield of summer corn,and conducted related study based on the characteristics of solar energy and heat in Hebei middlesouthern summer corn region. The 'one narrow' means to reduce row spacing; the 'two high' means that the corn hybrid used is tolerant high planting density and high harvest index; the 'three late' means late thinning out of seedling to reach good plant uniformity, late fertilizer top-dressing to improve kernel number per ear and grain weight,and late harvest to achieve maximum kernel plumpness. The result showed that a combination of techniques of the hybrid used better in tolerance to high planting density and harvest index over 0.53, row spacing kept around 50 cm for high density, seedling thinning at 5 -6 leaf stage, and nitrogen fertilizer used 70% of total as basal use and 30% as top-dressing at 13 -14 fully-expanded leaf stage for normal nitrogen quota could obtained high yield. Late harvest is an effective practice for yield increase and the use efficiency of solar energy, heat, fertilizer and soil resources,for harvest delayed to early October could increase 5% -10% of yield.