CAJ | 학술논문

为提高人畜粪便和农作物秸秆资源化有效利用提供科学依据,研究了人粪与各种不同原料混合发酵的产气效率.试验通过自行研究设计的可控性恒温发酵装置,以人粪、牛粪、鸡粪和玉米秆为消化原料,以常温厌氧发酵池的底物为接种物,在总因TS质量分数为8%条件下,进行批量厌氧消化试验,研究人粪分别与牛粪、鸡粪和玉米秆按不同比例(干物质质量比为1:1、2:1、3:1)混合发酵的产气速率、累积产气量的变化.结果表明,在25℃恒温条件下,人粪与3种原料的混合发酵,均能正常产气,均能在厌氧发酵开始后的5～14 d达最大产气速率,在30 d左右各自的累积产气量均能达到总产气量的87%～92%,其中人粪与牛粪的混合产气效率最好,各组物料的3种配比的平均累积产气量分别为26 713、21 281和21 227 mL,各组物料的最优配比的最高产气速率分别为1 500、1 260和1 100 mL·d~(-1).在25℃下,人粪与牛粪混合发酵的最优配比为3:1,人粪与鸡粪的为1:1以及人粪与玉米秆的为3:1,为人粪与不同原料配比的混合厌氧发酵提供了参考依据.
위제고인축분편화농작물갈간자원화유효이용제공과학의거,연구료인분여각충불동원료혼합발효적산기효솔.시험통과자행연구설계적가공성항온발효장치,이인분、우분、계분화옥미간위소화원료,이상온염양발효지적저물위접충물,재총인TS질량분수위8%조건하,진행비량염양소화시험,연구인분분별여우분、계분화옥미간안불동비례(간물질질량비위1:1、2:1、3:1)혼합발효적산기속솔、루적산기량적변화.결과표명,재25℃항온조건하,인분여3충원료적혼합발효,균능정상산기,균능재염양발효개시후적5～14 d체최대산기속솔,재30 d좌우각자적루적산기량균능체도총산기량적87%～92%,기중인분여우분적혼합산기효솔최호,각조물료적3충배비적평균루적산기량분별위26 713、21 281화21 227 mL,각조물료적최우배비적최고산기속솔분별위1 500、1 260화1 100 mL·d~(-1).재25℃하,인분여우분혼합발효적최우배비위3:1,인분여계분적위1:1이급인분여옥미간적위3:1,위인분여불동원료배비적혼합염양발효제공료삼고의거.
The research studies of the biogas production efficiency of human feces mixed with different materials in anaerobic fermentation.It is provide a scientific basis to improve the efficiency use of human feces and animal manure.crop stalks.A batch of experiments under the condition of 8%mass fraction of total solid were conducted in a self-manufactured anaerobic fermentation reactor,with human feces,cattle manure,chicken dung and coin straw as fermentation materials,and the substrate of constant temperature fermentation pool as ineculation substance.Experiment was conducted to investigate the biogas-production rate and the cumulative biogas yield of different ratios(dry matter quantity ratio of 1:1,2:1,3:1)of human feces mixed with chicken dung,cattle manure,and com straw.Under 25℃ constant temperature con-ditions,human feces mixed with three materials can produce biogas normally,the largest biogas production rate starts at about 5～14d of the anaerobic fermentation;the cumulative biogas yield production can reach the total gas production of about 87%～92%in about 30 days.The best biogas-producting efficiency was observed when human feces mixed with cow manure,the average cumulative biogas production of three kinds mixed groups were 26 713.21 281 and 21 227 mL respectively.The max daily biogas production of three best ratios in three kinds mixed groups were 1 500、1 260 and 1 100 mL·d~(-1),respectively.Under the temperature of 25℃,the ratio of 3:1 was the best ratio in the group of human feces with cattle manure,the ratio of 1:1 was the best ratio in the group of human feces with chicken dung,and the ratio of 3:1 is the best ratio in the group of human feces with corn straw.That is provided a referencefor ratios of human feces mixed with different materials in anaerobic fermentation.Therefore,we should add proper amount of human feces,choose reasonable ratio according to different materials in the actual anaerobic fermentation process.This experiment was only conducted at the temperature of 25℃,but the research about human fe-ces mixed with different materials in anaerobic fermentation at the other temperatures required further study.