CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者社会人口学特征、行为学特征、行为认知(KABP)水平及其影响因素.方法整群抽取铜山县房村和马坡2个社区2007年现患COPD患者.采取人户面对面调查的方式对392例COPD患者进行问卷调查,用t检验、方差分析、多元线性回归等方法对COPD患者的行为学特征与行为认知水平进行分析.结果 COPD患者以60～80岁老年人为主,平均(63±15)岁.COPD患者的主动吸烟率和被动吸烟率(指不吸烟人群)分别为49.5%、35.9%,男女患者吸烟率差异有统计学意义(X2=101.365,P＜0.05);患者戒烟率为62.9%,原因多为患COPD;31.9%的患者有30年行炊史;经常参加体育锻炼的患者达到24.2%,经常参加康复锻炼的仪有8.9%.COPD患者行为认知平均得分为(38±8)分;患者对COPD知识的r解程度比较低,但大部分患者对自己的疾病比较关心.单因素和多因素分析结果表明,患者行为认知的主要影响因素是文化水平、家人态度、经济收入、性别和离医疗网点的距离.结论社区COPD患者吸烟率高、行炊史长,应主动对该类危险行为进行干预;患者行为认知状况较差,需要加强COPD预防、治疗及康复等相关知识的健康教育.
목적 료해사구만성조새성폐질병(COPD)환자사회인구학특정、행위학특정、행위인지(KABP)수평급기영향인소.방법 정군추취동산현방촌화마파2개사구2007년현환COPD환자.채취인호면대면조사적방식대392례COPD환자진행문권조사,용t검험、방차분석、다원선성회귀등방법대COPD환자적행위학특정여행위인지수평진행분석.결과 COPD환자이60～80세노년인위주,평균(63±15)세.COPD환자적주동흡연솔화피동흡연솔(지불흡연인군)분별위49.5%、35.9%,남녀환자흡연솔차이유통계학의의(X2=101.365,P＜0.05);환자계연솔위62.9%,원인다위환COPD;31.9%적환자유30년행취사;경상삼가체육단련적환자체도24.2%,경상삼가강복단련적의유8.9%.COPD환자행위인지평균득분위(38±8)분;환자대COPD지식적r해정도비교저,단대부분환자대자기적질병비교관심.단인소화다인소분석결과표명,환자행위인지적주요영향인소시문화수평、가인태도、경제수입、성별화리의료망점적거리.결론 사구COPD환자흡연솔고、행취사장,응주동대해류위험행위진행간예;환자행위인지상황교차,수요가강COPD예방、치료급강복등상관지식적건강교육.
Objective To know social and demographic characteristics,behavioral characteristics,as well as knowledge-attitude-belief-practice(KABP) and its influential factors of rural community chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD) patients. Methods Cluster sampling all COPD patients of fangcun and mape township of tongshan county in 2007. A face-to-face interview was performed to investigate the COPD patients in their home,and t test,one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the behavioral characteristics and K.ABE Results The main Patients were old person aged 60-80,with mean of(63 ± 15)years old. The active and passive smoking rate were 49.5% and 35.9%,respectively,and very significance between male and female Patients (X2 = 101. 365,P＜ 0. 05). 62. 9%abstained from smoking mainly owing to having COPD. About 31.9% of the patients had used the firewood and coal to cook for longer than 30 years. 24. 2% often built their body by exercise; however,only 8. 9%participated in convalescence. The mean KABP score of Patients was (38 ± 8). The Patients have lower knowledge to COPD, but give much more concerns to their own diseases. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that the main influential factors of COPD patients KABP were education, family attitude, income,sex and the distance between their homes and health stations. Conclusions Community COPD patients have high smoking rate,long firewood and coal cooking history,so active interventions should be took to those risk factors. KABP level of the COPD patients was not good, more health instructions including prevention,treatment and convalescing of COPD need to be gave to COPD patients.