CAJ | 학술논문

根据近20年我国冬油菜区域试验的汇总资料,对长江上、中、下游及黄淮4组油菜新品种产量性状及抗病性状进行了分析。结果表明,冬油菜新品种平均产量整体呈上升趋势,且黄淮组产量水平高于其他组;各组平均单株有效角果数变化不明显,而平均每果粒数和千粒重呈上升趋势,长江流域每果粒数增量高于黄淮组,但千粒重增量低于黄淮组;冬油菜新品种菌核病和病毒病发病率下降明显,菌核病发病率最低时降到5%以下。今后一段时间内增加新品种每角粒数和千粒重是冬油菜遗传改良的重点。
근거근20년아국동유채구역시험적회총자료,대장강상、중、하유급황회4조유채신품충산량성상급항병성상진행료분석。결과표명,동유채신품충평균산량정체정상승추세,차황회조산량수평고우기타조;각조평균단주유효각과수변화불명현,이평균매과립수화천립중정상승추세,장강류역매과립수증량고우황회조,단천립중증량저우황회조;동유채신품충균핵병화병독병발병솔하강명현,균핵병발병솔최저시강도5%이하。금후일단시간내증가신품충매각립수화천립중시동유채유전개량적중점。
Based on the results of the national regional trail for winter rapeseed in four groups,including the upper reaches,middle reaches and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Huang-Huai region in the past twenty years,new varieties of winter rapeseed showed upward trend in average yield,the yield level in Huang-huai group was higher than other groups.The changes of average effective pods per plant were not significant in any group,but the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight showed increase trend.However,the increment of grains per pod in three Yangtze River groups was higher than that in Huang-Huai River group,while the increment of 1 000-grain weight was just opposite.The incidence rate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and viral disease in new varieties of winter rapeseed obviously decreased,and the incidence rate of S.sclerotiorum decreased lower than 5%.Genetic improvement for winter rapeseed should be focus on the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight in the future,and yield level of new varieties in all four groups is expected to increase.