CAJ | 학술논문

过敏性肺炎是一种特殊的弥漫性肺实质疾病,因反复吸入致敏原如微生物、动植物蛋白、小分子有机物而致病.临床表现为急性起病或隐匿出现的咳嗽、气短,影像学呈现弥漫分布的磨玻璃影、小叶中心型微结节、气体陷闭、肺纤维化以及肺气肿等特点.肺泡灌洗液提示为淋巴细胞型肺泡炎、CD4/CD8下降,组织学表现为慢性炎细胞浸润的间质性肺炎及细支气管炎、形成不良的非坏死性肉芽肿.诊断依据暴露史、临床特点、影像学、血清学、肺泡灌洗液、组织学等特点共同决定.治疗上主要是避免接触致敏原以及使用全身糖皮质激素.预后相对较好.
과민성폐염시일충특수적미만성폐실질질병,인반복흡입치민원여미생물、동식물단백、소분자유궤물이치병.림상표현위급성기병혹은닉출현적해수、기단,영상학정현미만분포적마파리영、소협중심형미결절、기체함폐、폐섬유화이급폐기종등특점.폐포관세액제시위림파세포형폐포염、CD4/CD8하강,조직학표현위만성염세포침윤적간질성폐염급세지기관염、형성불량적비배사성육아종.진단의거폭로사、림상특점、영상학、혈청학、폐포관세액、조직학등특점공동결정.치료상주요시피면접촉치민원이급사용전신당피질격소.예후상대교호.
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a pulmonary disease with symptoms of cough and dyspnea resulting from the inhalation of an antigen to which the subject has been previously sensitized,such as microbes,animal or plant proteins and certain chemicals that form haptens.The radiologic findings include diffuse ground-glass opacification,small centrilobular nodules,air trapping,fibrosis and emphysema.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid reveals a lymphocyte alveolitis with CD4/CD8 decrease.The histopathologic process consists of chronic inflammation of the bronchi and peribronchiolar tissue,often with poorly defined granulomas.The diagnosis usually rests on a variable combination of findings from history,clinical manifestation,radiography,serology,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung biopsy.Treatment includes avoiding the allergen and systemic corticosteroids.The long-term prognosis is usually good.