CAJ | 학술논문

通过田间小区试验,开展了两个氮素供墟水平(N0和N180)下,两个不同氮效率玉米品种[氮高效品种先玉335(V1)低效品种吉单535(V2)]干物质形成与氮素营养特性差异研究.结果表明,在氮素胁迫条件下,氮高效品种先玉335具有较高的耐低氮能力,表现为N0处理其干物质量及吸氮量均显著高于氮低效品种吉单535的N180处理.成熟期,先玉335的子粒干物质量和吸氮量均显著高于吉单535,且N180处理显著高于N0处理;品种和氮素处理间的交互作用达极显著水平,表现为N180处理先玉335子粒干物质量和吸氮素最高.另外,两品种子粒中85.6%～97.6%的碳来源于粒重形成阶段叶片的光合作用,仅2.4%～14.1%源于抽雄前营养体的碳素转移.先玉335子粒氮素来源更多依赖于生育后期根系对氮素的吸收和转移,N0和N180处理中,根系氮素吸收转移量对子粒的贡献分别为45.4%和59.3%;而吉单535子粒的氮素来源则以生育前期地上部营养体的氮素转移为主,N0和N180处理中,转移量对子粒贡献分别为65.5%和67.9%.先玉335的氮肥回收利用率、氮肥农学效率及氮肥偏生产力均高于吉单535.
통과전간소구시험,개전료량개담소공허수평(N0화N180)하,량개불동담효솔옥미품충[담고효품충선옥335(V1)저효품충길단535(V2)]간물질형성여담소영양특성차이연구.결과표명,재담소협박조건하,담고효품충선옥335구유교고적내저담능력,표현위N0처리기간물질량급흡담량균현저고우담저효품충길단535적N180처리.성숙기,선옥335적자립간물질량화흡담량균현저고우길단535,차N180처리현저고우N0처리;품충화담소처리간적교호작용체겁현저수평,표현위N180처리선옥335자립간물질량화흡담소최고.령외,량품충자립중85.6%～97.6%적탄래원우립중형성계단협편적광합작용,부2.4%～14.1%원우추웅전영양체적탄소전이.선옥335자립담소래원경다의뢰우생육후기근계대담소적흡수화전이,N0화N180처리중,근계담소흡수전이량대자립적공헌분별위45.4%화59.3%;이길단535자립적담소래원칙이생육전기지상부영양체적담소전이위주,N0화N180처리중,전이량대자립공헌분별위65.5%화67.9%.선옥335적담비회수이용솔、담비농학효솔급담비편생산력균고우길단535.
Field experiment was conducted to investigate dry matter accumulation and N uptake under two N levels (N0 and N180) in two maize cultivars with contrasting N use efficiency. The results indicated that Xianyu 335 with high N efficiency had great tolerance to N stress. The dry matter weight and N absorption of Xianyu 335 in N0 treatment were both higher than those of Jindan 535 in N180 treatment. In maturity stage, the dry matter weight and N absorption of grain in Xianyu 335 was significant higher than Jidan 535, and those in N180 treatment was higher than N0 treatment. Moreover, the interaction between variety and N application reached extremely significant level. The dry matter weight and N absorption of grain was highest in Xianyu 335 with 180 kg/ha N application. In addition, a majority of grain carbon (85.6%–97.6%) relied on photosynthesis in the stage of grain formation, only a minority of grain carbon (2.4%–14.1%) relied on carbon translocation from vegetative organs. For Xianyu 335, nitrogen in grain mainly relied on N uptake by root at reproductive stage, which accounted for 45.4% and 59.3% of total N of grain in N0 and N180 treatment respectively; but for Jidan 535, N in grain mainly relied on N translocation from vegetative 335 the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity organs, which accounted for 65.5% and 67.9% of total N grain in N0 and N180 treatment respectively. In Xianyu (NPFP) were all higher than Jidan 535.