CAJ | 학술논문

目前高吸水性树脂研究较多的是均聚物,但随着其发展,某些产品的不足之处也逐渐凸显出来,如成本太高、强度不够、吸水速率慢、吸水量低、耐盐性能不好、保水性能不好等,可以采用两种或多种单体共聚合,也可采用接枝共聚或添加廉价填料等方法来改善高吸水性树脂的综合性能及降低生产成本.以丙烯酸为单体,海藻酸钠为接枝物,添加高岭土、丙烯酰胺,通过溶液聚合法制备了复合型耐盐高吸水性树脂.研究了海藻酸钠、高岭土、引发剂、交联剂用量对材料耐盐的影响,制备出在蒸馏水、0.9%NaGl中吸水倍率分别达到895g/g、85g/g的样品.研究了海藻酸钠-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚制备高吸水树脂的吸水性能.结果表明,以过硫酸钾为引发剂,反应温度65～75℃,丙烯酸中和度为60%,反应时间4h,引发剂用量0.8%～1.2%,高吸水树脂具有较高的吸水能力;随交联剂用量增大,高吸水树脂的吸水能力下降;随反应温度升高、反应时间延长、丙烯酸中和度增大、引发剂用量以及交联剂用量增大、反应单体浓度升高,海藻酸钠-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物高吸水树脂的耐盐性明显增强.采用红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对产物的内部结构、表面结构进行了表征.
목전고흡수성수지연구교다적시균취물,단수착기발전,모사산품적불족지처야축점철현출래,여성본태고、강도불구、흡수속솔만、흡수량저、내염성능불호、보수성능불호등,가이채용량충혹다충단체공취합,야가채용접지공취혹첨가렴개전료등방법래개선고흡수성수지적종합성능급강저생산성본.이병희산위단체,해조산납위접지물,첨가고령토、병희선알,통과용액취합법제비료복합형내염고흡수성수지.연구료해조산납、고령토、인발제、교련제용량대재료내염적영향,제비출재증류수、0.9%NaGl중흡수배솔분별체도895g/g、85g/g적양품.연구료해조산납-고령토/취병희산-병희선알공취제비고흡수수지적흡수성능.결과표명,이과류산갑위인발제,반응온도65～75℃,병희산중화도위60%,반응시간4h,인발제용량0.8%～1.2%,고흡수수지구유교고적흡수능력;수교련제용량증대,고흡수수지적흡수능력하강;수반응온도승고、반응시간연장、병희산중화도증대、인발제용량이급교련제용량증대、반응단체농도승고,해조산납-고령토/취병희산-병희선알공취물고흡수수지적내염성명현증강.채용홍외광보(IR)、소묘전경(SEM)등방법대산물적내부결구、표면결구진행료표정.
Currently,the studies of Super Absorbent Resins (SAR) are focused on homopolymera.But with their development,the defects of some products have gradually cropped up,such as high cost,low strength,slow water-absorption rate,insufficient amount of waterabsorption,poor salt-tolerant performance.So people have to use copolymerization or graft copolymerization of two or more monomers or to add cheap fillers to improve the comprehensive performance of SAR and reduce the production costs.In this study,a salt-tolerant super absorbent resin was obtained by crosslinking copolymerization,using acrylicacid,acrylamide,sodium alginate and kaolin.Aqueous solution polymerization method was used for improving properties of super absorbent resin,which would be affected by the amount of crosslinking agent,initiator,kaolin,acrylamide and drying condition,and so on.It is shown that the water absorption rate can reach 895g/g,and the salt absorption rate can reach 85g/g.Super absorbents were also synthesized by copolymerization of acrylic acid,acrylamide,sodium alginate and kaolin,to improve the absorbency properties.The results show that with K_2S_2O_8 as the initiator,the dosage of 0.8%～1.2%,the temperature of 65～75℃,the neutralization degree of acrylic acid of 60%,the reaction time of 4 hours,good absorbency properties are obtained.When the neutralization degree of acrylic acid,the temperature,the reaction time,the monomer concentration and the dosage of crosslinker are appropriately adjusted,the anti-ultraviolet properties are also improved.The surface structure and morphology of microsphere and heat property were analyzed by IR and SEM.