职业应激与抑郁症状关系的性别差异
직업응격여억욱증상관계적성별차이
Gender difference of relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms
  • 万方数据
    中华劳动卫生职业病杂志 중화노동위생직업병잡지
    CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
    2011年 12期 887-892 ,共6页

    余善法%谷桂珍%周文慧%周世义%杨晓发%孙世义

    여선법%곡계진%주문혜%주세의%양효발%손세의

    应激%抑郁障碍%问卷%性别分布 應激%抑鬱障礙%問捲%性彆分佈
    응격%억욱장애%문권%성별분포
    Stress%Depressive disorder%Questionnaires%Gender distribution
    目的 探讨职业应激与抑郁症状关系的性别差异.方法 采用横断面研究设计和问卷调查方法对13家企业5338名工人进行调查,采用抑郁自评问卷调查抑郁症状,采用工作内容问卷和付出-回报失衡模式问卷调查职业应激.结果 调查对象抑郁症状检出率为31.8％,其中男性抑郁症状检出率为33.8％,女性抑郁症状检出率为27.7％,差异有统计学意义(x2=19.62,P＜0.01).男性工作心理需求、躯体需求、工作控制、付出、内在投入、负性情感评分高于女性,社会支持、回报、工作满意感评分低于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).有抑郁症状者的工作心理需求、躯体需求、付出、内在投入、负性情感评分均高于无抑郁症状者,工作控制、社会支持、回报、工作满意感、正性情感评分低于无抑郁症状者,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).男性抑郁症状者的工作心理需求、躯体需求、工作控制、内在投入、负性情感评分高于女性抑郁症状者,社会支持、回报、工作满意感评分低于女性抑郁症状者,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).男性以及男性抑郁症状者的工作紧张和付出-回报失衡指数＞1者、高需求低控制和高付出低回报者的比例大于女性以及女性抑郁症状者.在心理需求和躯体需求方面,女性高需求低控制者发生抑郁症状的风险是低需求高控制者的2倍,略高于男性(OR值分别为2.04和2.17).男女高付出低回报者发生抑郁症状的风险是低付出高回报者的2.70倍.性别与工作紧张以及付出-回报失衡与抑郁症状无交互作用.结论 男女抑郁症状检出率以及与职业应激关系的差异可能是因为男女经历的工作中社会心理因素的差异造成的,工作中社会心理因素与性别对抑郁症状可能无交互作用.
    목적 탐토직업응격여억욱증상관계적성별차이.방법 채용횡단면연구설계화문권조사방법대13가기업5338명공인진행조사,채용억욱자평문권조사억욱증상,채용공작내용문권화부출-회보실형모식문권조사직업응격.결과 조사대상억욱증상검출솔위31.8％,기중남성억욱증상검출솔위33.8％,녀성억욱증상검출솔위27.7％,차이유통계학의의(x2=19.62,P＜0.01).남성공작심리수구、구체수구、공작공제、부출、내재투입、부성정감평분고우녀성,사회지지、회보、공작만의감평분저우녀성,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).유억욱증상자적공작심리수구、구체수구、부출、내재투입、부성정감평분균고우무억욱증상자,공작공제、사회지지、회보、공작만의감、정성정감평분저우무억욱증상자,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.01).남성억욱증상자적공작심리수구、구체수구、공작공제、내재투입、부성정감평분고우녀성억욱증상자,사회지지、회보、공작만의감평분저우녀성억욱증상자,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.01).남성이급남성억욱증상자적공작긴장화부출-회보실형지수＞1자、고수구저공제화고부출저회보자적비례대우녀성이급녀성억욱증상자.재심리수구화구체수구방면,녀성고수구저공제자발생억욱증상적풍험시저수구고공제자적2배,략고우남성(OR치분별위2.04화2.17).남녀고부출저회보자발생억욱증상적풍험시저부출고회보자적2.70배.성별여공작긴장이급부출-회보실형여억욱증상무교호작용.결론 남녀억욱증상검출솔이급여직업응격관계적차이가능시인위남녀경력적공작중사회심리인소적차이조성적,공작중사회심리인소여성별대억욱증상가능무교호작용.
    Objective To explore gender difference of relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms.Methods The cross-sectional study was used to investigate 5338 workers in 13 factories and companies,the depressive symptoms were assessed with Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)and the perceived occupational stress was evaluated by the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) Model Questionnaire.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between occupational stress and prevalence of depressive symptoms.Results Prevalence of depressive symptoms was 31.8％ for all subjects,33.8％ for males and 27.7％ for females,gender difference of prevalence was significant (P＜0.01 ).Psychological demands,physical demands,job control,effort,overcommitment and negative affectivity scores for males were significantly higher than those for females(P＜0.01 or 0.05 ),social support,reward and job satisfaction scores for males were significantly lower than those for females (P＜0.01).Psychological demands,physical demands,job control,effort,overcommitment and nagetive affectivity scores for workers with depressive symptoms were significantly higher than those for workers without depressive symptoms (P＜0.0 1 ) but job control,social support,reward,job satisfaction and positive affectivity scores for workers with depressive symptoms were significantly lower than those for without depressive symptoms (P＜0.01).Psychological demands,physical demands,job control,effort,overcommitment and nagetive affectivity scores for male workers with depressive symptoms were significantly higher than those for female counterparts (P＜0.01 ),but social support,reward,job satisfaction scores for male workers with depressive symptoms were significantly lower than hose for female workers with depressive symptoms (P＜0.01).Ratio of male workers and male workers with depressive symptoms with job strain and ERI ＞l,high demands and low control,and high effort and low reward were higher than female counterparts (P＜0.01).The risk of depressive symptoms for female with high demands and low control was about two times as high as that for female workers with low demands and high control for psychological demands and physical demands (OR=2.0),risk for females was slightly higher than that for males (OR=2.04 and 2.17,respectively).The risk of depressive symptoms for workers with high efforts and low rewards was about two times as high as that for workers with low efforts and high rewards (OR=1.70).No interactive effect between gender and job strain and ERI on depressive symptoms were found.Conclusion The gender difference of relationship between depressive symptom prevalence and job strain may due to the difference of psychosocial factors between females and males.There may be no interactive effect between psychosocial factors and gender on depressive symptoms.
    원문보기 원문다운로드 사이트로이동
저자의 최근 논문