CAJ | 학술논문

生防因子螺旋毛壳(Chaetomium spirale)ND35生长于含立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)菌丝细胞壁制备物的SM培养基中,从培养滤液提取的粗酶液强烈抑制Valsa sordida、Valsa mali、Glomerella cingulata和Curvulavia lunata病原真菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发.经DNS法检测,粗酶液同时具有β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(包括内切和外切酶)和几丁质酶活性,分别为0.19 U·mg-1和0.09 U·mg-1.生长于3%玉米粉浸渍液的螺旋毛壳ND35的培养滤液也能抑制上述病原菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发.离体条件下检测了ND35产生的一纯化的具有分子量为73 kD的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GLUC73)和一纯化的抗生素对苹果炭疽病菌的分生孢子萌发和芽管延长的抑制效果.当内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶使用浓度为180μg·mL-1时,抑制了测试真菌的孢子萌发,造成细胞壁的改变,导致了菌丝顶端的破裂;抗生素的有效抑菌中浓度ED50为1.75 μg·mL-1.单独应用时,1.0μg·mL-1的抗生素或40μg·mL-1的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶没有或仅有很低的抑菌效果;两者组合导致孢子萌发约78%受抑制.甚至10μg·mL-1的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶也使1.5μg·mL-1抗生素的抑菌作用从低于25%增加到超过50%的抑菌效果.此外,80μg·mL-1的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶使1.0μg·mL-1抗生素的抑菌活性从0%提高到90%.抗生素和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的协同抗菌活性可能在内生菌螺旋毛壳的植病生防中起重要作用.
생방인자라선모각(Chaetomium spirale)ND35생장우함립고사핵균(Rhizoctonia solani)균사세포벽제비물적SM배양기중,종배양려액제취적조매액강렬억제Valsa sordida、Valsa mali、Glomerella cingulata화Curvulavia lunata병원진균적균사생장화포자맹발.경DNS법검측,조매액동시구유β-1,3-포취당매(포괄내절화외절매)화궤정질매활성,분별위0.19 U·mg-1화0.09 U·mg-1.생장우3%옥미분침지액적라선모각ND35적배양려액야능억제상술병원균적균사생장화포자맹발.리체조건하검측료ND35산생적일순화적구유분자량위73 kD적내절β-1,3-포취당매(GLUC73)화일순화적항생소대평과탄저병균적분생포자맹발화아관연장적억제효과.당내절β-1,3-포취당매사용농도위180μg·mL-1시,억제료측시진균적포자맹발,조성세포벽적개변,도치료균사정단적파렬;항생소적유효억균중농도ED50위1.75 μg·mL-1.단독응용시,1.0μg·mL-1적항생소혹40μg·mL-1적내절β-1,3-포취당매몰유혹부유흔저적억균효과;량자조합도치포자맹발약78%수억제.심지10μg·mL-1적내절β-1,3-포취당매야사1.5μg·mL-1항생소적억균작용종저우25%증가도초과50%적억균효과.차외,80μg·mL-1적내절β-1,3-포취당매사1.0μg·mL-1항생소적억균활성종0%제고도90%.항생소화β-1,3-포취당매적협동항균활성가능재내생균라선모각적식병생방중기중요작용.
The culture filtrate from biocontrol agent endophytic Chaetomium spirale ND35 grown in the SM medium containing cell wall preparation (CWP) of Rhizoctonia solani strongly inhibited mycelial growth and conidial germination of different phytopathogenic fungi including Valsa sordida, V. mali, Glomerella cingulata and Curvulavia lunata. The culture filtrate possessed activities of β-1,3-glucanases (endo-glucanase and exofiltrates from C. spirale ND35 grown in 3% corn steep power broth inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of these pathogens. The inhibitory effect of a pure endo-β-1,3-glucanase ( GLUC73 ) in about 73 kD and a pure antibiotic from C. spirale ND35 on the germination of conidia and germ tube elongation of G. cininhibited spore germination of the test fungus and caused cell wall damage, resulting in bursting of hyphal tips.mL -1 of endo-β-1,3-glucanase had no or only a very low inhibitory effect. Their combination resulted in about 0% to 90%. Synergistic antifungal activity of antibiotic and endo-β-1 ,3-glucanase may play a role in biological control by endophytic C. spirale ND35.