北方果树
北方果樹
북방과수
NORTHERN FRUITS
2012年
2期
4-7
,共4页
葡萄%杂交%胚挽救%三倍体
葡萄%雜交%胚輓救%三倍體
포도%잡교%배만구%삼배체
Grapes%Hybtidization%Embryo Rescue%Triploid
摘要:为了克服葡萄二倍体品种与四倍体品种之间的杂交不亲和性,本试验选择巨玫瑰×兴华一号、4x玫瑰香×2x玫瑰香、4x玫瑰香×红旗特、京亚×87—1、2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香、87—1×巨玫瑰、红旗特×巨玫瑰7个杂交组合进行了葡萄二倍体和四倍体品种间杂交后代的胚挽救研究,并对巨玫瑰×兴华一号、2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香、87一1×巨玫瑰三个杂交组合后代胚挽救试管苗进行根尖染色体鉴定的研究。结果表明,不同杂交组合胚挽救的最佳取材时期不同,多数组合授粉后45~55d接种效果最好:而2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香和87—1×巨玫瑰在花后65d胚珠发育率最高,2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香胚珠最高发育率可达到100%。多数杂交组合胚珠的最高萌发率在花后65d,其中2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香胚珠的最高萌发率可达到76.67%:巨玫瑰X兴华一号在花后55d,4x玫瑰香×红旗特在花后70d。巨玫瑰×兴华一号杂交组合后代三倍体的比例为60%,87—1×巨玫瑰杂交组合后代三倍体的比例为12%,2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香杂交组合后代三倍体的比例为31%。
摘要:為瞭剋服葡萄二倍體品種與四倍體品種之間的雜交不親和性,本試驗選擇巨玫瑰×興華一號、4x玫瑰香×2x玫瑰香、4x玫瑰香×紅旂特、京亞×87—1、2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香、87—1×巨玫瑰、紅旂特×巨玫瑰7箇雜交組閤進行瞭葡萄二倍體和四倍體品種間雜交後代的胚輓救研究,併對巨玫瑰×興華一號、2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香、87一1×巨玫瑰三箇雜交組閤後代胚輓救試管苗進行根尖染色體鑒定的研究。結果錶明,不同雜交組閤胚輓救的最佳取材時期不同,多數組閤授粉後45~55d接種效果最好:而2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香和87—1×巨玫瑰在花後65d胚珠髮育率最高,2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香胚珠最高髮育率可達到100%。多數雜交組閤胚珠的最高萌髮率在花後65d,其中2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香胚珠的最高萌髮率可達到76.67%:巨玫瑰X興華一號在花後55d,4x玫瑰香×紅旂特在花後70d。巨玫瑰×興華一號雜交組閤後代三倍體的比例為60%,87—1×巨玫瑰雜交組閤後代三倍體的比例為12%,2x玫瑰香×4x玫瑰香雜交組閤後代三倍體的比例為31%。
적요:위료극복포도이배체품충여사배체품충지간적잡교불친화성,본시험선택거매괴×흥화일호、4x매괴향×2x매괴향、4x매괴향×홍기특、경아×87—1、2x매괴향×4x매괴향、87—1×거매괴、홍기특×거매괴7개잡교조합진행료포도이배체화사배체품충간잡교후대적배만구연구,병대거매괴×흥화일호、2x매괴향×4x매괴향、87일1×거매괴삼개잡교조합후대배만구시관묘진행근첨염색체감정적연구。결과표명,불동잡교조합배만구적최가취재시기불동,다수조합수분후45~55d접충효과최호:이2x매괴향×4x매괴향화87—1×거매괴재화후65d배주발육솔최고,2x매괴향×4x매괴향배주최고발육솔가체도100%。다수잡교조합배주적최고맹발솔재화후65d,기중2x매괴향×4x매괴향배주적최고맹발솔가체도76.67%:거매괴X흥화일호재화후55d,4x매괴향×홍기특재화후70d。거매괴×흥화일호잡교조합후대삼배체적비례위60%,87—1×거매괴잡교조합후대삼배체적비례위12%,2x매괴향×4x매괴향잡교조합후대삼배체적비례위31%。
Abstract: Aimed to overcome crossing incompatibility between diploid and tetraploid grape cuhivars,The test selection Jumeigui x Xinghuayihao, 4xMeiguixiang x 2xMeiguixiang, 4xMeiguixiang x Hongqite, Jingya 87 - 1,2xMeiguixiangx 4xMeiguixiang,87-1x Jumeigui,Hongqitex Jumeigui seven hybrid combinations of grape cuhivars of diploid and tetraploid embryo rescue of hybrid offspring,And Jumeiguix Xinghuayihao, 2xMeigu- ixiangx 4xMeiguixiang,87-1x Jumeigui three giant crosses generations vitro embryo rescue studies for identi- fication of root tip chromosomes.The results indicated that crossing combinations were different, optimal times were different optimal effects of most combination were 45-55 d after pollination. And the optimal times of 2xMeiguixiangx 4xMeiguixiang and 87-1x Jumeigui were 65d after pollination,The highest development rate of 2xMeiguixiang could reach 100%;Optimal times of germination of most crossed combinations were 65d af- ter poUination,and Jumeigui x Xinghuayihao and 4xMeiguixiangx Hongqite were 70d after pollination,and 2xMeiguixiangx 4xMeiguixiang could reach 76.67% ,Jumeiguix Xinghuayihao triploid offspring ratio of 60%, 87-1x Jumeigui triploid offspring ratio of 12%, 2xMeiguixiangx 4xMeiguixiang triploid offspring ratio of 31%.