中国林副特产
中國林副特產
중국림부특산
QUARTERLY OF FOREST BY-PRODUCT AND SPECIALITY IN CHINA
2011年
6期
14-17
,共4页
蒿属%舞毒蛾%毒力测定%超声波提取
蒿屬%舞毒蛾%毒力測定%超聲波提取
호속%무독아%독력측정%초성파제취
Artenisia%Lymantria dispar%Toxicity test%Ultrasonic extraction
首先采用3种提取方法对黄花蒿、大籽蒿、蒙古蒿、猪毛蒿、野艾蒿5种蒿属植物进行了有效物质的提取,通过初步毒力测定筛选出了一种较好的提取方法为超声波提取法,然后采用超声波提取法进一步用丙酮、乙醇、石油醚、三氯甲烷4种溶剂对5种植物进行有效物质的提取,进行触杀试验、胃毒试验和拒食试验,结果如下：大籽蒿、黄花蒿、猪毛蒿具有较强的触杀作用,粗提物浓度为10mg/mL时,触杀杀虫活性以大籽蒿三氯甲烷的粗提物最高,其72h的校正死亡率为73.33%。胃毒杀虫活性普遍不高,最高的为猪毛蒿丙酮粗提物,其72h校正死亡率也仅为40%。拒食活性就溶剂而言,三氯甲烷活性较高。就植物而言,以野艾蒿为最好,其乙醇、三氯甲烷、石油醚、丙酮粗提物24h拒食率分别达到68.98%、75.84%、78.58%、70.26%,48h的拒食率分别达到75.30%、87.67%、89.33%、80.31%。
首先採用3種提取方法對黃花蒿、大籽蒿、矇古蒿、豬毛蒿、野艾蒿5種蒿屬植物進行瞭有效物質的提取,通過初步毒力測定篩選齣瞭一種較好的提取方法為超聲波提取法,然後採用超聲波提取法進一步用丙酮、乙醇、石油醚、三氯甲烷4種溶劑對5種植物進行有效物質的提取,進行觸殺試驗、胃毒試驗和拒食試驗,結果如下：大籽蒿、黃花蒿、豬毛蒿具有較彊的觸殺作用,粗提物濃度為10mg/mL時,觸殺殺蟲活性以大籽蒿三氯甲烷的粗提物最高,其72h的校正死亡率為73.33%。胃毒殺蟲活性普遍不高,最高的為豬毛蒿丙酮粗提物,其72h校正死亡率也僅為40%。拒食活性就溶劑而言,三氯甲烷活性較高。就植物而言,以野艾蒿為最好,其乙醇、三氯甲烷、石油醚、丙酮粗提物24h拒食率分彆達到68.98%、75.84%、78.58%、70.26%,48h的拒食率分彆達到75.30%、87.67%、89.33%、80.31%。
수선채용3충제취방법대황화호、대자호、몽고호、저모호、야애호5충호속식물진행료유효물질적제취,통과초보독력측정사선출료일충교호적제취방법위초성파제취법,연후채용초성파제취법진일보용병동、을순、석유미、삼록갑완4충용제대5충식물진행유효물질적제취,진행촉살시험、위독시험화거식시험,결과여하：대자호、황화호、저모호구유교강적촉살작용,조제물농도위10mg/mL시,촉살살충활성이대자호삼록갑완적조제물최고,기72h적교정사망솔위73.33%。위독살충활성보편불고,최고적위저모호병동조제물,기72h교정사망솔야부위40%。거식활성취용제이언,삼록갑완활성교고。취식물이언,이야애호위최호,기을순、삼록갑완、석유미、병동조제물24h거식솔분별체도68.98%、75.84%、78.58%、70.26%,48h적거식솔분별체도75.30%、87.67%、89.33%、80.31%。
Three methods of extraction were selected to obtain extracts from Artemisia annua,Artemisia sieversiana,Artemisia mogolica,Artemisia scoparia,Artemisia lavandulaefolia in the text at first,and Ultrasonic-extraction was used to primary assaying of toxicities.Furthermore four solvent were selected to obtain extracts from five plants,and the test results in contact toxity test,stomach poison test and antifeeding anctivity test were followed： Artemisia sieversiana,Artemisia annua,Artemisia scoparia had better contact toxicity effect.When the extract concentration was 10mg/mL,Dichloromethane extracts of Artemisia mongolica Fisch.et Bess.had the best contact toxicity activity and 72 hour correcting mortality was 73.33%.The stomach poison activity were low generally.The best Petroleum ether extract of Artemisia scoparia Waldst.et Kit.the 72 hour correcting mortality was just 40%.Dichloromethane had the better antifeeding activity.The 24h correcting mortality of ethyl alcohol.Dichloromethane,Propanone,Petroleumetherthe antifeeding activity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia respectively 68.98%,75.84%,78.58%,70.26%.The 48h correcting mortality of ethyl alcohol Dichloromethane,Propanone,Petroleum ether the antifeeding activity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia respectively 75.30%,87.67%,89.33%,80.31%.
