高电压技术
高電壓技術
고전압기술
HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING
2011年
10期
2477-2484
,共8页
王金锋%刘志民%李彦雄%乌江%韩鹏凯%郑晓泉
王金鋒%劉誌民%李彥雄%烏江%韓鵬凱%鄭曉泉
왕금봉%류지민%리언웅%오강%한붕개%정효천
水树枝%化学交联%聚乙烯(PE)%交联聚乙烯(XLPE)%结晶形态%电气性能
水樹枝%化學交聯%聚乙烯(PE)%交聯聚乙烯(XLPE)%結晶形態%電氣性能
수수지%화학교련%취을희(PE)%교련취을희(XLPE)%결정형태%전기성능
water tree%chemical cross-linking%polyethylene （PE）%cross-linked polyethylene （XLPE）%crystalline morphology%electrical performances
为研究化学交联对聚乙烯水树枝老化特性的影响，选用低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）、过氧化物交联聚乙烯、硅烷交联聚乙烯作为试验材料。采用水针电极法培养水树枝，用金相显微镜观测水树枝的形态，并统计了水树枝的尺寸和引发率；同时观测了试样的结晶形态，测定了试样的结晶度、交联度和杂质质量分数，并对比分析了交联前后及不同交联方式试样的电气性能。试验研究发现，交联对水树枝老化特性有显著的影响，产生这种影响的主要原因是交联使得聚乙烯的结晶形态发生变化。当试样的晶块尺寸大、数量少时，水树枝的平均生长速度较快；晶块尺寸小、数量多时，水树枝的平均生长速度较慢。交联的三维网状结构和副产物对交联聚乙烯的介电性能也会产生显著影响。
為研究化學交聯對聚乙烯水樹枝老化特性的影響，選用低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）、過氧化物交聯聚乙烯、硅烷交聯聚乙烯作為試驗材料。採用水針電極法培養水樹枝，用金相顯微鏡觀測水樹枝的形態，併統計瞭水樹枝的呎吋和引髮率；同時觀測瞭試樣的結晶形態，測定瞭試樣的結晶度、交聯度和雜質質量分數，併對比分析瞭交聯前後及不同交聯方式試樣的電氣性能。試驗研究髮現，交聯對水樹枝老化特性有顯著的影響，產生這種影響的主要原因是交聯使得聚乙烯的結晶形態髮生變化。噹試樣的晶塊呎吋大、數量少時，水樹枝的平均生長速度較快；晶塊呎吋小、數量多時，水樹枝的平均生長速度較慢。交聯的三維網狀結構和副產物對交聯聚乙烯的介電性能也會產生顯著影響。
위연구화학교련대취을희수수지노화특성적영향，선용저밀도취을희（LDPE）、과양화물교련취을희、규완교련취을희작위시험재료。채용수침전겁법배양수수지，용금상현미경관측수수지적형태，병통계료수수지적척촌화인발솔；동시관측료시양적결정형태，측정료시양적결정도、교련도화잡질질량분수，병대비분석료교련전후급불동교련방식시양적전기성능。시험연구발현，교련대수수지노화특성유현저적영향，산생저충영향적주요원인시교련사득취을희적결정형태발생변화。당시양적정괴척촌대、수량소시，수수지적평균생장속도교쾌；정괴척촌소、수량다시，수수지적평균생장속도교만。교련적삼유망상결구화부산물대교련취을희적개전성능야회산생현저영향。
The relationship between chemical cross-linking and water treeing was studied. Low density polythene, peroxide cross-linked polyethylene and silane cross-linked polyethylene were chosen as the testing materials. During the experiments, liquid needle electrodes method was used for water tree development, and metallographic microscope was used for observation of water tree morphology and crystalline morphology of samples. Meanwhile, sizes and initiation rates of water trees were counted. Crystalline, cross-linking degree, impurity content and electrical performances of samples were measured. The experimental results reveal that, firstly, chemical cross linking can change the crystalline and crystal morphology of polythene, which makes the crystal blocks of polythene cross-linked small and compact; secondly, chemical cross-linking has a significant impact on water treeing. Before and after being cross-linked, difference of crystal block sizes is the main reason of difference of water treeing. The growth of water trees is faster in polythene samples in which crystal blocks are larger and the number of the crystal blocks is smaller. In contrast, water trees grow more slowly in other polythene samples in which crystal blocks are smaller in size and greater in number; finally, three-dimensional network structure and by-products of the cross-linked polythene have a significant impact on electrical properties of materials.
