CAJ | 학술논문

长期固定合同是LNG产业的显著特点,对整个产业链有重大影响.通过理论与案例结合,从交易成本理论角度,分析了机会主义和有限理性对贸易模式的影响.研究了LNG产业在高度资产专用性和交易频率背景下关系合同的治理模式.结合广东大鹏LNG项目实例,剖析LNG产业上、中、下游的股权结构,验证其合理性;借鉴国际LNG产业经验,建议通过交叉持股、资本渗透的关系合同,联手国外公司,积极参与油气资源的上游开发;通过股权收购和合资合营,进入成熟的油气领域;引入国外石油公司,加快国内能源市场建设.
장기고정합동시LNG산업적현저특점,대정개산업련유중대영향.통과이론여안례결합,종교역성본이론각도,분석료궤회주의화유한이성대무역모식적영향.연구료LNG산업재고도자산전용성화교역빈솔배경하관계합동적치리모식.결합엄동대붕LNG항목실례,부석LNG산업상、중、하유적고권결구,험증기합이성;차감국제LNG산업경험,건의통과교차지고、자본삼투적관계합동,련수국외공사,적겁삼여유기자원적상유개발;통과고권수구화합자합영,진입성숙적유기영역;인입국외석유공사,가쾌국내능원시장건설.
The long-term contract, a remarkable sign for the LNG trade different from the other oil or gas products trade in the world, plays an important role in the whole LNG industry. Combining theories with cases of study, we analyzed the influ-ences of opportunism and limited rationality on the trade patterns in terms of Transaction Cost Theory, and pointed out that the relational contract is an effective organizational form in the LNG industry under the situation of high-degree of asset specificity and trading frequency. Taking the Dapeng LNG of Guangdong as a case of study, we analyzed the stock right structure of the LNG suppliers, LNG receiving terminals and transportation, and LNG users, thus to verify our theoretic analysis. In light of the experiences from the relational contracts in the global LNG trade, some suggestions are presented here as follows: (1)we should cooperate with foreign companies to take active part in the exploration and development of oil and gas resources by means of rational contracts with features of cross share-holding and capital infiltration; (2)we should enter into the mature oil and gas fields through the way of share subscription of stock right and joint ventures; (3)we should improve the domestic ener-gy market by introducing more foreign oil and gas companies.