CAJ | 학술논문

D区块三维地震勘探位于川东高陡构造区域.地形相对高差大,表层结构复杂,地层非均质性严重,区块内四个构造接触关系复杂,勘探条件十分困难.为了取得理想的第一手资料,在综合利用地震地质条件,充分了解地表(地下)地质的情况下可以认为:①观测系统设计的局限性和激发岩性差,激发参数选择困难是D区块地震采集质量变差的直接原因;②地表和地下地质结构的双重复杂性,是造成D区块地震采集质量变差的根本原因.这里提出了在现有条件下,由野外试验确定激发参数,对不同构造,不同地形,不同岩性进行激发井深和药量试验;③针对复杂潜伏构造设计小道距,高覆盖次数,超多道,大排列的观测系统,来提高资料信噪比和分辨率,在该区取得了良好的应用效果.
D구괴삼유지진감탐위우천동고두구조구역.지형상대고차대,표층결구복잡,지층비균질성엄중,구괴내사개구조접촉관계복잡,감탐조건십분곤난.위료취득이상적제일수자료,재종합이용지진지질조건,충분료해지표(지하)지질적정황하가이인위:①관측계통설계적국한성화격발암성차,격발삼수선택곤난시D구괴지진채집질량변차적직접원인;②지표화지하지질결구적쌍중복잡성,시조성D구괴지진채집질량변차적근본원인.저리제출료재현유조건하,유야외시험학정격발삼수,대불동구조,불동지형,불동암성진행격발정심화약량시험;③침대복잡잠복구조설계소도거,고복개차수,초다도,대배렬적관측계통,래제고자료신조비화분변솔,재해구취득료량호적응용효과.
Block D is located in Eastern Sichuan. The whole block are large height difference of relative terrain height, surface structure complex, formation heterogeneity serious. The contacting relationship of four main structures in the area are complicated, so exploration conditions are very difficult. How to get the first hand data in the high-steep structure area is very important. Based on the examinations of seismic acquisition, researching seismic geologic condition and 3D Seismic data, the factors affecting seismic acquisition quality are analyzed mainly.Results show that layout design localization and the double complexity of surface condition and underground structure are fatal causes. Main causes include strong noise, bad explosive rock, the difficulty of choosing shot point position and shooting parameters as well as the limit of geophone array and layout design.Corresponding methods improving seismic acquisition quality are proposed as following: source parameters are mainly determined by field test; dosage and excitation well depth are tested in different structure, different terrain and different lithology. Layout design should be short group interval and super multi-channel,high times of cover, large arrangement in latent structure, which can be effective in application effect.