CAJ | 학술논문

为推进麻疯树良种选育水平的不断提高,挖掘麻疯树的遗传改良优良特性,提供种子园、采穗圃等建设优良材料,采用完全随机区组设计,在贵州巧马采育林场和罗甸国营林场开展了主要野生或半野生麻疯树优树子代苗期试验.贵州册亨、贞丰鲁容及鲁贡、望谟乐元及乐康、罗甸和广西隆林、田林8个种源的苗高和地径生长差异不显著,同一种源不同家系差异不显著.巧马试验点80个优树子代的苗高差异显著,地径差异极显著,罗甸试验点24个优树子代的苗高和地径差异都达到极显著水平;苗高变异程度均大于地径,两地的变异系数CV为42.79%和18.59%,而地径为CV17.75%、8.88%.罗甸国营林场试验点的苗高和地径家系遗传力都较高,巧马采育林场试验点的地径家系遗传力高于苗高,两地的苗高家系遗传力为0.29、0.68,地径为0.41、0.68.优树子代的苗高和地径生长差异主要由遗传和环境引起,地径变异程度具有较高遗传控制.麻疯树的良种选育应直接从优树选择开始,通过苗期种源试验对麻疯树的苗高和地径生长量进行选择无效.
위추진마풍수량충선육수평적불단제고,알굴마풍수적유전개량우량특성,제공충자완、채수포등건설우량재료,채용완전수궤구조설계,재귀주교마채육림장화라전국영림장개전료주요야생혹반야생마풍수우수자대묘기시험.귀주책형、정봉로용급로공、망모악원급악강、라전화엄서륭림、전림8개충원적묘고화지경생장차이불현저,동일충원불동가계차이불현저.교마시험점80개우수자대적묘고차이현저,지경차이겁현저,라전시험점24개우수자대적묘고화지경차이도체도겁현저수평;묘고변이정도균대우지경,량지적변이계수CV위42.79%화18.59%,이지경위CV17.75%、8.88%.라전국영림장시험점적묘고화지경가계유전력도교고,교마채육림장시험점적지경가계유전력고우묘고,량지적묘고가계유전력위0.29、0.68,지경위0.41、0.68.우수자대적묘고화지경생장차이주요유유전화배경인기,지경변이정도구유교고유전공제.마풍수적량충선육응직접종우수선택개시,통과묘기충원시험대마풍수적묘고화지경생장량진행선택무효.
In order to improve the breeding level and provide excellent materials of Jatropha curcas for constructing seed orchard and scion-plucking nursery. Randomized complete-block designs were used to the superior tree progeny test of main wild or semi-wild plants of Jatropha curcas in Qiaoma forest farm and Luodian state-owned forest. The results showed that there were not significant differences in seedling height and seedling base diameter among the 8 provenances, e. g. , Ceheng (Guizhou), Lurong (zhengfeng, Guizhou), Lugong (zhengfeng, Guizhou), Leyuan (Wangmo, Guizhou), Lekang (Wangmo, Guizhou), Luodian (Guizhou), Longlin (Guangxi) , Tianlin(Guangxi) , and there were also not significant differences among different families within the same provenance. In Qiaoma experiment site, seedling height of and seedling base diameter 80 superior tree progenies had significant differences had great significant differences. In Luodian experiment site, 24 superior tree progenies had great significant differences in both seedings height and base diameter. In both experiment sites, the degree of variation of seedling height was higher than that of base diameter. The CVs, i. e. coefficient of variations, that of the seedling height and seedling base diameter in Qiaoma were 42. 79% and 17. 75% respectively, and that in Luodian were 18. 95% and 8. 88% respectively. Both seedling height and seedling base diameter had higher family heritability in Luodian experiment site, and the family heritability of seedling base diameter was higher than that of seedling height. The family heritability of seedling height in these two experiment sites was 0. 29, 0. 68 respectively, and that in ground diameter were 0. 41 and 0. 68, respectively. The different performances of seedling height and base diameter of superior tree progenies were mainly controlled by both heredity and environment, but the variation degree of the ground diameter was highly controlled by heredity. It is concluded that the breeding of Jatrohpa cureas should be started with the superior tree selection, whereas it is not appropriate to start with the selection of the seedling height and ground diameter performance by the provenance trial at seedling stage.