CAJ | 학술논문

针对目前电力系统黑启动能力缺乏有效机制以维持与持续改进的现状,提出PDCA模式的试验管理机制,按照风险驱动、事故优先控制和持续改进3个实施原则,指导实施了山东电网的黑启动现场试验.在黑启动试验策划阶段,发现了抽水蓄能机组低负荷下参数失常、开关直流电源缺失、子系统同期并列困难等风险因素,通过分阶段整改在试验前排除了风险.试验实施阶段分方式调整、机组停机、黑启动试验、试验子系统恢复4步骤实施;试验检查与数据分析阶段通过试验录波数据分析了抽水蓄能电站、大型火电机组的黑启动性能,全面验证了试验目标;整改行动阶段修订了原有黑启动方案,制订了新一轮的试验方案与调度操作方案.PDCA循环模式将风险高、代价大、涉及面广的试验通过前馈控制、同期控制与反馈控制3个环节,实现黑启动应急管理闭环,有效保证了试验的顺利实施.
침대목전전력계통흑계동능력결핍유효궤제이유지여지속개진적현상,제출PDCA모식적시험관리궤제,안조풍험구동、사고우선공제화지속개진3개실시원칙,지도실시료산동전망적흑계동현장시험.재흑계동시험책화계단,발현료추수축능궤조저부하하삼수실상、개관직류전원결실、자계통동기병렬곤난등풍험인소,통과분계단정개재시험전배제료풍험.시험실시계단분방식조정、궤조정궤、흑계동시험、시험자계통회복4보취실시;시험검사여수거분석계단통과시험록파수거분석료추수축능전참、대형화전궤조적흑계동성능,전면험증료시험목표;정개행동계단수정료원유흑계동방안,제정료신일륜적시험방안여조도조작방안.PDCA순배모식장풍험고、대개대、섭급면엄적시험통과전궤공제、동기공제여반궤공제3개배절,실현흑계동응급관리폐배,유효보증료시험적순리실시.
Since the current power system black-start lacks the effective mechanism to maintain and continuously improve,an experiment management mechanism with PDCA pattern is proposed,which guides Shandong power grid black-start experiment according to three principles of risk driven,accident priority control and continuous improvement.During the planning stage,three risk factors were detected and removed:the abnormal parameters of pumped-storage unit under low load,the imperfect DC power for breaks and the difficulty of subsystem synchronization and paralleling.The doing stage is implemented in four steps:mode adjustment,unit shutdown,black-start test and subsystem restoration.During the checking stage,the black-start ability of pumped-storage unit and large thermal power unit is analyzed with recorded test data and the test objectives are fully verified.In the action stage,the original black-start scheme was revised and the test plan and dispatch scheme were developed for next cycle.Following the PDCA pattern,the high-risk big-cost and widely-involved experiment has realized the closed-loop emergency management by feedforward control,concurrent control and feedback control to ensure the smooth and successful implementation of black-start experiment.