CAJ | 학술논문

为弥补我国现行规范和美国MUTCD 2009关于高速公路前置指路标志设置距离经验主义的缺陷,首先分析了驾驶员驶离主线驾驶行为及前置指路标志设置距离的影响因素.车道数、车道宽度、车道变换时间、驾驶员的视觉特性、标志牌的架设方式以及主线和匝道上的运行速度对出口匝道安全性有显著影响.介绍了前置指路标志的3种架设方式,即路边直立式、路上横跨数和中央架设式,并给出了各自的适用条件.然后建模计算了不同道路几何条件和交通条件下各安装方式的设置距离,3种安装方式具有相同的模型结构.最后以路上横跨式为例,TSIS-CORSIM模拟结果表明,所给模型计算的设置距离在分流鼻上游500 m范围内产生的车道变换数较少,比我国的现行规范少58.93%,比MUTCD推荐值少27.35%,因而具有更好的安全性能.
위미보아국현행규범화미국MUTCD 2009관우고속공로전치지로표지설치거리경험주의적결함,수선분석료가사원사리주선가사행위급전치지로표지설치거리적영향인소.차도수、차도관도、차도변환시간、가사원적시각특성、표지패적가설방식이급주선화잡도상적운행속도대출구잡도안전성유현저영향.개소료전치지로표지적3충가설방식,즉로변직입식、로상횡과수화중앙가설식,병급출료각자적괄용조건.연후건모계산료불동도로궤하조건화교통조건하각안장방식적설치거리,3충안장방식구유상동적모형결구.최후이로상횡과식위례,TSIS-CORSIM모의결과표명,소급모형계산적설치거리재분류비상유500 m범위내산생적차도변환수교소,비아국적현행규범소58.93%,비MUTCD추천치소27.35%,인이구유경호적안전성능.
To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs, the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyzed and the factors influencing placement distance are explored. Variables including the number of lanes, lane width, lane-changing time, driver's visual characteristics, sign installation methods and operating speeds on both freeway mainlines and exit ramps are found significant in explaining exit safety. Three different installation methods, namely ground installation, overhead installation and median installation, are introduced and their applicable conditions are given. Models, with the same structure among the three installation methods, are developed to compute the placement distance under different roadway geometric and traffic conditions. Taking overhead installation as an example,simulation results in TSIS-CORSIM show that the proposed distance reduces the number of lane changes in the area from the ramp nose to 500 m upstream by 58.93% compared with current Chinese specifications and 27.35% compared with MUTCD 2009 guidelines. Thus, the distances recommended in this paper have a better safety performance.