CAJ | 학술논문

目的追踪观察部分低常远视力飞行学员入校1年后屈光状态及变化特点,为有关招飞体检标准提供客观依据. 方法选择招飞时0.8≤远视力＜1.0(低常远视力)的飞行学员137人172眼为观察组,随机抽取同期招飞时远视力≥1.0飞行学员134人268眼为对照组；采用电脑验光方法进行动静态屈光检测和比较分析. 结果 ①招飞时两组屈光构成差异有统计学意义(x2=79.925,P＜0.01)；1年后散瞳前两组屈光构成和变化特点无明显差异(x2=1.990,P＞0.05),新增混合性散光,近视明显增多,远视明显减少;散瞳后屈光变化与散瞳前相反；与招飞时比较观察组近视减少,对照组新增部分近视,两组屈光构成差异有统计学意义(x2=9.366,P＜0.05).②两组散瞳后近视屈光度明显低于散瞳前,远视屈光度明显高于散瞳前(均P＜0.01).③散瞳前后两组间屈光不正超标均无明显差异(x2=3.287、0.332,P＞0.05)；超标屈光构成以近视为主,混合性散光次之.结论 ①1年后低常远视力组飞行学员屈光状态较招飞时略有改善,散瞳前屈光构成和屈光度变化特点与对照组基本相同;②对照组屈光波动幅度较大与其远视居多有关；③近视是两组屈光超标的主要原因.
목적 추종관찰부분저상원시력비행학원입교1년후굴광상태급변화특점,위유관초비체검표준제공객관의거. 방법 선택초비시0.8≤원시력＜1.0(저상원시력)적비행학원137인172안위관찰조,수궤추취동기초비시원시력≥1.0비행학원134인268안위대조조；채용전뇌험광방법진행동정태굴광검측화비교분석. 결과 ①초비시량조굴광구성차이유통계학의의(x2=79.925,P＜0.01)；1년후산동전량조굴광구성화변화특점무명현차이(x2=1.990,P＞0.05),신증혼합성산광,근시명현증다,원시명현감소;산동후굴광변화여산동전상반；여초비시비교관찰조근시감소,대조조신증부분근시,량조굴광구성차이유통계학의의(x2=9.366,P＜0.05).②량조산동후근시굴광도명현저우산동전,원시굴광도명현고우산동전(균P＜0.01).③산동전후량조간굴광불정초표균무명현차이(x2=3.287、0.332,P＞0.05)；초표굴광구성이근시위주,혼합성산광차지.결론 ①1년후저상원시력조비행학원굴광상태교초비시략유개선,산동전굴광구성화굴광도변화특점여대조조기본상동;②대조조굴광파동폭도교대여기원시거다유관；③근시시량조굴광초표적주요원인.
Objective To observe refraction changes in the flying cadets with subnormal distant vision by one year follow-up study in the flying school and to provide objective references to flying cadet selection. Methods One hundred and thirty-seven pilot cadets,whose eyes (172 eyes) were diagnosed as subnormal distant vision (0.8≤distant vision＜1.0),were selected as study group.Another 134 pilot cadets (268 eyes),who had the distance vision above or equal to 1.0,were taken as control group by the random selection from same school.Both groups were checked refraction by automatic refractor before and after mydriasis with Tropicamide. Results ① There was statistical difference on ametropia composing between groups in recruitment examination (x2= 79.925,P＜0.01).But one year follow-up study showed that the rate of ametropia before mydriasis had no significant difference between two groups (x2 =1.990,P＞0.05).Mixed astigmatism was newly found in both groups and obvious increased nearsightedness and decreased hyperopia cases were respectively observed.The refraction changes after mydriasis showed opposite variation comparing to the state of no mydriasis applied.Comparing with therecruitment examination,the nearsightedness decreased in study group but increased in control group one year later.The ametropia composing between groups had significant difference (x2 =9.366,P＜0.05).② Mydriasis resulted in the rate of myopia ametropia significantly decreased in both groups while hyperopia ametropia showed significantly increased tendency in both groups. ③ There is no significant difference on the superstandard ametropia,which mainly indicated myopia and then the astigmatism,between groups before mydriasis (x2=3.287,0.332,P＞0.05). Conclusions ① The subnormal distant vision of pilot cadets shows moderate improvement based on one year fellow-up study.The rate of ametropia has no significant difference between two groups beforemydriasis.② The refraction degree of control group expresses more fluctuation.Itis possible due to the reason of high rate of distant vision.③ Nearsightedness would be the main reason of causing superstandard ametropia.