中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2010年
2期
140-143
,共4页
人口统计学%空气污染物%环境%公共卫生%评价研究
人口統計學%空氣汙染物%環境%公共衛生%評價研究
인구통계학%공기오염물%배경%공공위생%평개연구
Demography%Air pollutants,environment%Public health%Evaluation studies
目的 评价大气颗粒物污染引起我国城市居民伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)的损失.方法 以2006年我国656个城市的城市人口作为暴露人口,以国家控制大气质量监测体系中各城市的可吸入颗粒物(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns,PM_(10))年均浓度为暴露水平,应用DALYs指标,评价我国城市大气颗粒物污染的人群健康效应.结果 2006年大气颗粒物污染能引起我国城市居民(50.66±9.52)万例早逝,(15.66±4.12)万例慢性支气管炎患者,(1264.05±522.97)万例内科门诊患者,(9.99±5.04)万例心血管疾病住院患者和(7.20±0.82)万例呼吸系统疾病住院患者.2006年归因于城市大气颗粒物污染的DALYs损失总计为(526.22±99.43)万人年,其中由早逝引起的百分率为96.26%(506.55/526.22).城市颗粒物污染越重,城市人口越多,则相应的DALYs损失越大.结论 大气颗粒物污染已对我国城市居民的健康造成了较大的影响,从公共卫生的角度说明了加强治理大气污染的必要性和迫切性.
目的 評價大氣顆粒物汙染引起我國城市居民傷殘調整壽命年(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)的損失.方法 以2006年我國656箇城市的城市人口作為暴露人口,以國傢控製大氣質量鑑測體繫中各城市的可吸入顆粒物(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns,PM_(10))年均濃度為暴露水平,應用DALYs指標,評價我國城市大氣顆粒物汙染的人群健康效應.結果 2006年大氣顆粒物汙染能引起我國城市居民(50.66±9.52)萬例早逝,(15.66±4.12)萬例慢性支氣管炎患者,(1264.05±522.97)萬例內科門診患者,(9.99±5.04)萬例心血管疾病住院患者和(7.20±0.82)萬例呼吸繫統疾病住院患者.2006年歸因于城市大氣顆粒物汙染的DALYs損失總計為(526.22±99.43)萬人年,其中由早逝引起的百分率為96.26%(506.55/526.22).城市顆粒物汙染越重,城市人口越多,則相應的DALYs損失越大.結論 大氣顆粒物汙染已對我國城市居民的健康造成瞭較大的影響,從公共衛生的角度說明瞭加彊治理大氣汙染的必要性和迫切性.
목적 평개대기과립물오염인기아국성시거민상잔조정수명년(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)적손실.방법 이2006년아국656개성시적성시인구작위폭로인구,이국가공제대기질량감측체계중각성시적가흡입과립물(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns,PM_(10))년균농도위폭로수평,응용DALYs지표,평개아국성시대기과립물오염적인군건강효응.결과 2006년대기과립물오염능인기아국성시거민(50.66±9.52)만례조서,(15.66±4.12)만례만성지기관염환자,(1264.05±522.97)만례내과문진환자,(9.99±5.04)만례심혈관질병주원환자화(7.20±0.82)만례호흡계통질병주원환자.2006년귀인우성시대기과립물오염적DALYs손실총계위(526.22±99.43)만인년,기중유조서인기적백분솔위96.26%(506.55/526.22).성시과립물오염월중,성시인구월다,칙상응적DALYs손실월대.결론 대기과립물오염이대아국성시거민적건강조성료교대적영향,종공공위생적각도설명료가강치리대기오염적필요성화박절성.
Objective To evaluate the loss of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to particulate air pollution in Chinese urban residents. Methods DALYs was applied to evaluate the health effects due to particulate air pollution in the residents of 656 Chinese cities, and the data of annual average concentrations of inhalable particle (PM_(10)) in 2006 were collected from the state-owned air quality monitoring network. Results Particulate air pollution in Chinese urban areas in 2006,could canse(506. 6± 95.2) thousand premature deaths, (156.6±41.2) thousand new cases of chronic bronchitis, (12.6±5.2) million outpatient visits for internal medicine, (99. 9±50. 4) thousand and (72. 0 ± 8. 2) thousand hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases respectively. The attributable DALYs loss in urban residents amounted up to (5.26 ± 0.99) million person years in 2006, of which, 96. 26% (506. 55/526. 22)were caused by premature deaths. The attributable loss of DALYs increased with more seriously PM-polluted atmosphere and larger urban population. Conclusion Substantial adverse health effects due to outdoor particulate air pollution were observed in China urban areas, thus strengthening air pollution control still remains an imperative and urgent matter in public health perspective.
