安徽农业科学
安徽農業科學
안휘농업과학
JOURNAL OF ANHUI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2009年
35期
17559-17561
,共3页
磷化铝%磷化氢%熏蒸%烟草甲%有效浓度%有效密闭时间
燐化鋁%燐化氫%熏蒸%煙草甲%有效濃度%有效密閉時間
린화려%린화경%훈증%연초갑%유효농도%유효밀폐시간
Aluminum phosphide%Phosphine%Fumigation%Cigarette beetle%Effective concentration%Effective seal time
[目的]为使用磷化氢(PH_3)防治烟草甲提供试验依据.[方法]以烟草甲成虫、幼虫和卵为试验对象,通过熏蒸试验比较了不同磷化铝施药量及密闭时间对熏蒸效果的影响.[结果]熏蒸时间为8～80 h时,各处理的箱内PH_3浓度随着时间的延长而逐渐增大,80 h左右PH_3浓度达峰值;在此期间箱内的PH_3浓度及其增加速率低于垛内空间.施药后80 h内,PH_3的浓度、渗透速率与施药量成正相关.熏蒸时间为80～104 h时,各处理箱内和垛内空间的PH_3浓度随着时间的延长而逐渐降低且垛内空间PH_3浓度的下降速度大于箱内.熏蒸处理的烟草中烟草甲成虫和幼虫全部死亡,对照烟草甲的成虫死亡率为28.3%,幼虫死亡率为40.0%.[结论]箱内PH_3浓度达200 mg/kg并保持在该浓度以上96 h能杀死烟箱内各虫态的烟草甲.
[目的]為使用燐化氫(PH_3)防治煙草甲提供試驗依據.[方法]以煙草甲成蟲、幼蟲和卵為試驗對象,通過熏蒸試驗比較瞭不同燐化鋁施藥量及密閉時間對熏蒸效果的影響.[結果]熏蒸時間為8～80 h時,各處理的箱內PH_3濃度隨著時間的延長而逐漸增大,80 h左右PH_3濃度達峰值;在此期間箱內的PH_3濃度及其增加速率低于垛內空間.施藥後80 h內,PH_3的濃度、滲透速率與施藥量成正相關.熏蒸時間為80～104 h時,各處理箱內和垛內空間的PH_3濃度隨著時間的延長而逐漸降低且垛內空間PH_3濃度的下降速度大于箱內.熏蒸處理的煙草中煙草甲成蟲和幼蟲全部死亡,對照煙草甲的成蟲死亡率為28.3%,幼蟲死亡率為40.0%.[結論]箱內PH_3濃度達200 mg/kg併保持在該濃度以上96 h能殺死煙箱內各蟲態的煙草甲.
[목적]위사용린화경(PH_3)방치연초갑제공시험의거.[방법]이연초갑성충、유충화란위시험대상,통과훈증시험비교료불동린화려시약량급밀폐시간대훈증효과적영향.[결과]훈증시간위8～80 h시,각처리적상내PH_3농도수착시간적연장이축점증대,80 h좌우PH_3농도체봉치;재차기간상내적PH_3농도급기증가속솔저우타내공간.시약후80 h내,PH_3적농도、삼투속솔여시약량성정상관.훈증시간위80～104 h시,각처리상내화타내공간적PH_3농도수착시간적연장이축점강저차타내공간PH_3농도적하강속도대우상내.훈증처리적연초중연초갑성충화유충전부사망,대조연초갑적성충사망솔위28.3%,유충사망솔위40.0%.[결론]상내PH_3농도체200 mg/kg병보지재해농도이상96 h능살사연상내각충태적연초갑.
[Objective] The aim was to provide experimental basis for controlling cigarette beetle with phosphine (PH_3). [Method] With the adults, larva and eggs of cigarette beetle as experimental objects, the influences of different application dosages of aluminum phosphide and seal time on fumigation effect were compared through fumigation experiment. [Result] When the fumigation time was 8-80 h, the PH_3 concn. in box of various treatments was being increased along with the extending of time and it reached its peak value after about 80 h;in this time, the PH_3 concn. in box and its increasing rate were lower than that in the interspace in stack. In the 80 h after pesticide application, the concn. and permeation rate of PH_3 were positively related to its application dosage. When the fumigation time was 80-104 h, the PH_3 concn. in box and the interspace in stack were being decreased along with the extending of time and the decreasing speed of PH_3 concn. in the interspace in stack was higher than that in box. The adults and larva of cigarette beetle in the tobacco treated with fumigation died completely. The adult mortality of cigarette beetle in CK was 28.3% and its larval mortality was 40.0%. [Conclusion] The cigarette beetles in various states in smoke box could be killed while the PH_3 concn. in box reached 200 mg/kg and was kept above it for 96 h.
