遗传学报
遺傳學報
유전학보
ACTA GENETICA SINICA
2007年
10期
939-946
,共8页
张连全%孙根楼%颜泽洪%陈其皎%袁中伟%兰秀锦%郑有良%刘登才
張連全%孫根樓%顏澤洪%陳其皎%袁中偉%蘭秀錦%鄭有良%劉登纔
장련전%손근루%안택홍%진기교%원중위%란수금%정유량%류등재
人工合成小麦%微卫星%基因组特异性%可转移性%分子标记
人工閤成小麥%微衛星%基因組特異性%可轉移性%分子標記
인공합성소맥%미위성%기인조특이성%가전이성%분자표기
synthetic hexaploid wheat%SSR (microsatellite)%genome specificity%transferability%molecular marker
微卫星分子标记已广泛用于普通小麦遗传和进化研究.由于人工合成小麦与小麦品种之间存在高的遗传多样性,人工合成小麦已被大量应用于小麦分子标记工作中.但是,目前还缺乏人工合成小麦的异源六倍化过程对微卫星影响的研究.本研究直接比较了四倍体小麦与节节麦远缘杂交并经染色体加倍获得人工合成小麦前后,位于普通小麦A/B染色体组不同染色体臂上的66个特异引物揭示的微卫星位点的保守性和可转移性.结果表明,除了一个引物在新合成小麦中扩增出供体亲本没有的新带,一个引物在节节麦扩增出的产物在新合成小麦中消失,其他的所有微卫星引物的扩增产物在小麦合成前后是保守的,没有变异发生.所有的引物能够在四倍体小麦中扩增出微卫星产物,四倍体小麦中的扩增产物也出现在新的人工合成小麦中;有70%的引物能够在节节麦扩增出产物,其中的绝大多数产物也出现在新的人工合成小麦中.因此,普通小麦A/B染色体组的这些微卫星引物除了在人工合成小麦的A/B染色体组中扩增出产物,还能在其D染色体组中扩增出产物,也就是说,这些引物对人工合成小麦而言,并非是A/B染色体组特异的.根据该研究结果,讨论了小麦微卫星的可转移性和特异性问题,重点讨论了在应用人工合成小麦构建的遗传群体进行微卫星分子标记中的应用价值及其应该注意的问题.
微衛星分子標記已廣汎用于普通小麥遺傳和進化研究.由于人工閤成小麥與小麥品種之間存在高的遺傳多樣性,人工閤成小麥已被大量應用于小麥分子標記工作中.但是,目前還缺乏人工閤成小麥的異源六倍化過程對微衛星影響的研究.本研究直接比較瞭四倍體小麥與節節麥遠緣雜交併經染色體加倍穫得人工閤成小麥前後,位于普通小麥A/B染色體組不同染色體臂上的66箇特異引物揭示的微衛星位點的保守性和可轉移性.結果錶明,除瞭一箇引物在新閤成小麥中擴增齣供體親本沒有的新帶,一箇引物在節節麥擴增齣的產物在新閤成小麥中消失,其他的所有微衛星引物的擴增產物在小麥閤成前後是保守的,沒有變異髮生.所有的引物能夠在四倍體小麥中擴增齣微衛星產物,四倍體小麥中的擴增產物也齣現在新的人工閤成小麥中;有70%的引物能夠在節節麥擴增齣產物,其中的絕大多數產物也齣現在新的人工閤成小麥中.因此,普通小麥A/B染色體組的這些微衛星引物除瞭在人工閤成小麥的A/B染色體組中擴增齣產物,還能在其D染色體組中擴增齣產物,也就是說,這些引物對人工閤成小麥而言,併非是A/B染色體組特異的.根據該研究結果,討論瞭小麥微衛星的可轉移性和特異性問題,重點討論瞭在應用人工閤成小麥構建的遺傳群體進行微衛星分子標記中的應用價值及其應該註意的問題.
미위성분자표기이엄범용우보통소맥유전화진화연구.유우인공합성소맥여소맥품충지간존재고적유전다양성,인공합성소맥이피대량응용우소맥분자표기공작중.단시,목전환결핍인공합성소맥적이원륙배화과정대미위성영향적연구.본연구직접비교료사배체소맥여절절맥원연잡교병경염색체가배획득인공합성소맥전후,위우보통소맥A/B염색체조불동염색체비상적66개특이인물게시적미위성위점적보수성화가전이성.결과표명,제료일개인물재신합성소맥중확증출공체친본몰유적신대,일개인물재절절맥확증출적산물재신합성소맥중소실,기타적소유미위성인물적확증산물재소맥합성전후시보수적,몰유변이발생.소유적인물능구재사배체소맥중확증출미위성산물,사배체소맥중적확증산물야출현재신적인공합성소맥중;유70%적인물능구재절절맥확증출산물,기중적절대다수산물야출현재신적인공합성소맥중.인차,보통소맥A/B염색체조적저사미위성인물제료재인공합성소맥적A/B염색체조중확증출산물,환능재기D염색체조중확증출산물,야취시설,저사인물대인공합성소맥이언,병비시A/B염색체조특이적.근거해연구결과,토론료소맥미위성적가전이성화특이성문제,중점토론료재응용인공합성소맥구건적유전군체진행미위성분자표기중적응용개치급기응해주의적문제.
Microsatellites or SSRs as powerful genetic markers have widely been used in genetics and evolutionary biology in common wheat. Because of the high polymorphism, newly synthesized hexaploid wheat has been used in the construction of genetic segregation population for SSR markers. However, data on the evolution of microsatellites during the polyploidization event of hexaploid wheat are limited. In this study, 66 pairs of specific to A/B genome SSR patterns among newly synthesized hexaploid wheat, the donor tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii were compared. The results indicated that most SSR markers were conserved during the polyploidization events of newly synthetic hexaploid wheat, from Triticum turgidum and Ae. tauschii. Over 70% A/B genome specific SSR markers could amplify the SSR sequences from the D genome of Ae. tauschii. Most amplified fragments from Ae. tauschii were detected in synthetic hexaploid at corresponding positions with the same sizes and patterns as in its pare ntal Ae. tauschii. This suggested that these SSR markers, specific for A/B genome in common wheat, could amplify SSR products of D genome besides A/B genome in the newly synthesized hexaploid wheat, that is, these SSR primers specific for A/B genome in common wheat were nonspecific for the A/B genome in the synthetic hexaploid wheat. In addition, one amplified Ae. tauschii product was not detected in the newly synthetic hexaploid wheat. An extra-amplified product was found in the newly synthetic hexaploid wheat. These results suggested that caution should be taken when using SSR marker to genotype newly synthetic hexaploid wheat.