CAJ | 학술논문

调查了福建东山珊瑚省级自然保护区内石珊瑚种类的多样性和群落的空间分布,共发现5种造礁石珊瑚,分别为标准蜂巢珊瑚(Favia speciosa)、锯齿刺星珊瑚(Cyphastrea serailia)、盾形陀螺珊瑚(Turbinaria peltata)、小星珊瑚(Leptastrea sp.)、角孔珊瑚(Goniopora sp.),和1种非造礁石珊瑚猩红筒星珊瑚(Tubastrea coccinea Lesson).结果表明:(1)东山石珊瑚优势种为标准蜂巢珊瑚、锯齿刺星珊瑚和盾形陀螺珊瑚,但是东山的造礁石珊瑚种类正在减少.(2)东山石珊瑚的空间分布呈现正态分布,受人类影响较小的中间区域珊瑚覆盖率最高,受人类活动影响大的两端区域没有或者只有极少量的珊瑚分布.(3)东山湾内理化环境退化明显,部分区域已经不太适合珊瑚生长,仅仅少数站位分布少量石珊瑚群落,而大部分站位已经不见石珊瑚的踪影.随着远离东山湾方向,珊瑚覆盖率显著增加,在头屿-赤屿区域珊瑚覆盖率达到最大,珊瑚生长状态较好,具有较高的保护价值.随着离澳角渔港码头距离越来越近,珊瑚的覆盖率则逐渐降低.针对东山珊瑚分布区域的环境现状,应该加强东山湾污水入海的控制,合理开展海水养殖,开发利用与环境保护并重,这才能保护处在东山湾外的珊瑚群落.
조사료복건동산산호성급자연보호구내석산호충류적다양성화군락적공간분포,공발현5충조초석산호,분별위표준봉소산호(Favia speciosa)、거치자성산호(Cyphastrea serailia)、순형타라산호(Turbinaria peltata)、소성산호(Leptastrea sp.)、각공산호(Goniopora sp.),화1충비조초석산호성홍통성산호(Tubastrea coccinea Lesson).결과표명:(1)동산석산호우세충위표준봉소산호、거치자성산호화순형타라산호,단시동산적조초석산호충류정재감소.(2)동산석산호적공간분포정현정태분포,수인류영향교소적중간구역산호복개솔최고,수인류활동영향대적량단구역몰유혹자지유겁소량적산호분포.(3)동산만내이화배경퇴화명현,부분구역이경불태괄합산호생장,부부소수참위분포소량석산호군락,이대부분참위이경불견석산호적종영.수착원리동산만방향,산호복개솔현저증가,재두서-적서구역산호복개솔체도최대,산호생장상태교호,구유교고적보호개치.수착리오각어항마두거리월래월근,산호적복개솔칙축점강저.침대동산산호분포구역적배경현상,응해가강동산만오수입해적공제,합리개전해수양식,개발이용여배경보호병중,저재능보호처재동산만외적산호군락.
Based on the data obtained from the survey in Dongshan coral reserve,the diversity and spatial distribution of Scleractinia corals are analyzed.They are 5 species of Scleractinia coral (Favia speciosa,Cyphastrea serailia,Turbinaria peltata,Leptastrea sp.and Goniopora sp.) and a non-Scleractinia coral (Tubastrea coccinea).The results shows that the dominant Scleractinia coral are Favia speciosa,Cyphastrea serailia and Turbinaria peltata and the total number of Scleractinia coral species is decreasing compared with the literature data.The spatial distribution of Dongshan corals is in a normal distribution,with higher coral cover in central part of the coral reserve and lower coral cover in severely impacted fringing reserve where only fewer Scleractinia coral distributes.The marine environment degenerates dramatically in Dongshan Bay and no more suitable for coral's survival.In the distant water of Dongshan Bay,coral cover increase gradually and comes to the highest in Touyu-Chiyu areas,where Scleractinia coral grows very well with high values for protection.In contrast,coral cover decreased gradually towards the Aojiao Fishing harbor.According to the environmental status of Dongshan coral reserve,limiting the sewage discharge and marine fish culture activities were necessary for the protection of the Dongshan corals.