CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析30年间辽宁省城乡居民出生期望寿命的变化及主要疾病死亡率对期望寿命年代差异的影响.方法应用简略寿命表法、期望寿命差异的年龄分解和死因分解法分析辽宁省城乡居民1973-1975年和2004-2005年的死亡数据,以死亡率变化对出生期望寿命年代差异的贡献值及百分比为分析指标.结果 30年间辽宁省城市、农村居民期望寿命分别增加了4.68岁和4.91岁,女性增幅显著大于男性.0～4岁和55～74岁组人群死亡率下降对城乡居民期望寿命增加的贡献比例最大,男性为76.27%和82.81%,女性为58.76%和62.13%.呼吸系统疾病和传染病是对期望寿命年代差异贡献最大的两类疾病;呼吸系统疾病死亡率下降对不同人群期望寿命增加的贡献比例为62.20%(城市女性)～85.39%(农村男性),传染病的贡献比为16.70%(城市女性)～36.26%(农村男性).城乡居民心脏病死亡率、农村居民脑血管病和恶性肿瘤死亡率的增加对期望寿命年代差异的贡献率为负值.结论呼吸系统疾病和传染病是影响30年间辽宁省城乡居民期望寿命差异的主要疾病,提高慢性非传染性疾病的防治水平是进一步提高居民期望寿命的关键.
목적 분석30년간요녕성성향거민출생기망수명적변화급주요질병사망솔대기망수명년대차이적영향.방법 응용간략수명표법、기망수명차이적년령분해화사인분해법분석요녕성성향거민1973-1975년화2004-2005년적사망수거,이사망솔변화대출생기망수명년대차이적공헌치급백분비위분석지표.결과 30년간요녕성성시、농촌거민기망수명분별증가료4.68세화4.91세,녀성증폭현저대우남성.0～4세화55～74세조인군사망솔하강대성향거민기망수명증가적공헌비례최대,남성위76.27%화82.81%,녀성위58.76%화62.13%.호흡계통질병화전염병시대기망수명년대차이공헌최대적량류질병;호흡계통질병사망솔하강대불동인군기망수명증가적공헌비례위62.20%(성시녀성)～85.39%(농촌남성),전염병적공헌비위16.70%(성시녀성)～36.26%(농촌남성).성향거민심장병사망솔、농촌거민뇌혈관병화악성종류사망솔적증가대기망수명년대차이적공헌솔위부치.결론 호흡계통질병화전염병시영향30년간요녕성성향거민기망수명차이적주요질병,제고만성비전염성질병적방치수평시진일보제고거민기망수명적관건.
Objective To analyze the impact of mortality by age and causes of death on life expectancy at birth among residents of Liaoning province.Methods The study included mortality data of urban and rural residents in two periods (1973-1975 and 2004-2005).Both Abridged Life Table and Arriaga method were used to calculate and to decompose life expectancy changes by age and causes of death.Results From 1975-2005,the life expectancy increased by 4.68 years in urban residents and 4.91 for rural residents with a higher increment among females than males.Most part of the increase (76.27% and 82.81% for urban and rural male,58.76% and 62.13% for urban and rural female) in life expectancy within the last 30 years could be explained by the decrease of mortality in the populations at age 0-4 and 55-74.Diseases related to respiratory system and infectious disease were contributing the most to the gap in life expectancy between the two periods.Mortality of heart disease was a negative contributor to the changes in life expectancy among both rural and urban residents while the mortalities of cerebro-vascular diseases and malignant tumors were the negative contributors for rural residents.Conclusion The increase of life expectancy in the last 30 years was mainly resulted from the decrease of mortality on both respiratory and infectious diseases.Control of chronic diseases is the key point to increase the life expectancy among the residents of Liaoning province.