中华航空航天医学杂志
中華航空航天醫學雜誌
중화항공항천의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE
2008年
3期
181-185,封2
,共6页
肖华军%刘晓鹏%丁立%耿喜臣%金国辉%张永超%张久刚%臧斌%陈娟%贺斌%孙垒光%刘翱
肖華軍%劉曉鵬%丁立%耿喜臣%金國輝%張永超%張久剛%臧斌%陳娟%賀斌%孫壘光%劉翱
초화군%류효붕%정립%경희신%금국휘%장영초%장구강%장빈%진연%하빈%손루광%류고
肺不张%加速度%正压呼吸%飞机%氧
肺不張%加速度%正壓呼吸%飛機%氧
폐불장%가속도%정압호흡%비궤%양
Atelectasis%Acceleration%Positive pressure breath%Aireraft%Oxygen
目的 通过部队调查与现场测试,了解使用机载分子筛制氧与供氧系统的战斗机飞行员机动飞行后呼吸不适反应情况,分析其发生的原因,提出解决措施.方法 分别对25名飞行员和5名试飞员进行了问卷调查,重点对其中4名机动飞行后的飞行员进行胸部X线透视和肺活量的测量.结果 在机动飞行载荷大于4G时,未启动机上加压呼吸,22名飞行员下飞机后出现不同程度的深吸气困难、干咳、胸闷等呼吸不适反应.这种不适反应多在30 min内自行消失.在其他飞行课目和其他机种的飞行训练中,未发生类似的反应.飞行现场有2名飞行员分别行胸部X线透视,1例为条索状肺不张,1h后消失;1例为可疑影像,咳嗽几声后自行消失,为一过性加速度性肺不张.然而,4名试飞员按要求着装并启用加压呼吸,未出现呼吸不适反应.结论 发生加速度性肺不张与过载飞行时机载分子筛产氧浓度高和飞行员未启用加压呼吸抗过载有关.建议加强教育与训练,按飞行条例规定着装,过载飞行时自动启动加压呼吸抗过载.继续追踪过载飞行训练呼吸反应情况,尽快改进装备的抗荷加压呼吸启动阈值.
目的 通過部隊調查與現場測試,瞭解使用機載分子篩製氧與供氧繫統的戰鬥機飛行員機動飛行後呼吸不適反應情況,分析其髮生的原因,提齣解決措施.方法 分彆對25名飛行員和5名試飛員進行瞭問捲調查,重點對其中4名機動飛行後的飛行員進行胸部X線透視和肺活量的測量.結果 在機動飛行載荷大于4G時,未啟動機上加壓呼吸,22名飛行員下飛機後齣現不同程度的深吸氣睏難、榦咳、胸悶等呼吸不適反應.這種不適反應多在30 min內自行消失.在其他飛行課目和其他機種的飛行訓練中,未髮生類似的反應.飛行現場有2名飛行員分彆行胸部X線透視,1例為條索狀肺不張,1h後消失;1例為可疑影像,咳嗽幾聲後自行消失,為一過性加速度性肺不張.然而,4名試飛員按要求著裝併啟用加壓呼吸,未齣現呼吸不適反應.結論 髮生加速度性肺不張與過載飛行時機載分子篩產氧濃度高和飛行員未啟用加壓呼吸抗過載有關.建議加彊教育與訓練,按飛行條例規定著裝,過載飛行時自動啟動加壓呼吸抗過載.繼續追蹤過載飛行訓練呼吸反應情況,儘快改進裝備的抗荷加壓呼吸啟動閾值.
목적 통과부대조사여현장측시,료해사용궤재분자사제양여공양계통적전두궤비행원궤동비행후호흡불괄반응정황,분석기발생적원인,제출해결조시.방법 분별대25명비행원화5명시비원진행료문권조사,중점대기중4명궤동비행후적비행원진행흉부X선투시화폐활량적측량.결과 재궤동비행재하대우4G시,미계동궤상가압호흡,22명비행원하비궤후출현불동정도적심흡기곤난、간해、흉민등호흡불괄반응.저충불괄반응다재30 min내자행소실.재기타비행과목화기타궤충적비행훈련중,미발생유사적반응.비행현장유2명비행원분별행흉부X선투시,1례위조색상폐불장,1h후소실;1례위가의영상,해수궤성후자행소실,위일과성가속도성폐불장.연이,4명시비원안요구착장병계용가압호흡,미출현호흡불괄반응.결론 발생가속도성폐불장여과재비행시궤재분자사산양농도고화비행원미계용가압호흡항과재유관.건의가강교육여훈련,안비행조례규정착장,과재비행시자동계동가압호흡항과재.계속추종과재비행훈련호흡반응정황,진쾌개진장비적항하가압호흡계동역치.
Objective To analyse the fighter pilots'unwell responses of breathing during the acrobatic flight with molecular sieve oxygen generation and supply system on board by the investigation and measurement on site. Methods Twenty-five pilots and 5 test pilots were respectively questioned for unwellness by a questionnaire.Then 4 pilots of them were checked by X-rav and vitsl capacity examinations after acrobatic flight. Results There were such unwell responses as difficult deep inspiration,dry cough and chest distress were reported by seversl pilots aftef their aerobatic flight which more than 4G applied but without positive pressure(PBG)protection The most of unwell responses of breathing would automatically disappear within half an hour.There were no such responses fcund in other flight mission and on other type of aircraft. By on-site measurement one pilot appeared a long narrow piece shadow(atelectasis)in his thoracic cavity and the symptom vanished in one hoat.Another case was questionable in his X-ray image and this semlotlcs disappeared after unabiding coughing.It was concluded as a transient atelectasis. But 4 test pilots who were protected by PBG had no such unwell responses. Conclusions The occurrence of the atelectasis is due to the pilot inspired higher density of molecular sieve generated oxygell and without Invoking PBG.Relevant education and training are suggested,as well as the ststutable suit protection and automatically invoking PPG during acrobatic flight.Further investigation is still needed to improve the setting threshold of initiating PBG system.
