岩石力学与工程学报
巖石力學與工程學報
암석역학여공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
2009年
z2期
3978-3985
,共8页
许冲%戴福初%姚鑫%陈剑%涂新斌%孙瑜%王志一
許遲%戴福初%姚鑫%陳劍%塗新斌%孫瑜%王誌一
허충%대복초%요흠%진검%도신빈%손유%왕지일
边坡工程%汶川地震%滑坡%层次分析法%易发性评价%GIS
邊坡工程%汶川地震%滑坡%層次分析法%易髮性評價%GIS
변파공정%문천지진%활파%층차분석법%역발성평개%GIS
slope engineering%Wenchuan Earthquake%landslide%analytical hierarchy process(AHP)%susceptibility assessment%geographical information system(GIS)
2008年5月12日14时28分,四川汶川发生了M_s8.0级大地震,地震诱发了数以万计的滑坡灾害.在大约48 678 km~2的区域内,采用震后遥感影像解译并结合野外调查的方法,共解译出48 007个滑坡.应用GIS技术,建立了汶川地震诱发滑坡灾害及相关地形、地质空间数据库,分析了断层、岩性、高程、坡度、坡向、河流、公路等7个因素与滑坡分布的关系,应用滑坡面积百分比这一标准来分别衡量每个因素中各个级别对滑坡的影响程度;然后使用层次分析法对这7个参数进行权重分析;在GIS平台下对这些参数进行综合分析,通过分析结果将研究区内滑坡按易发程度分为极高易发区、高易发区、中易发区、低易发区与极低易发区5类,极高易发区与高易发区面积约8 211 km~2,占研究区总面积的16.9%;最后,使用汶川地震滑坡数据库对研究结果进行检验,检验曲线表明分区效果良好,其中极高易发区与高易发区内实际发生滑坡面积为430 km~2,占滑坡总面积的60.5%.
2008年5月12日14時28分,四川汶川髮生瞭M_s8.0級大地震,地震誘髮瞭數以萬計的滑坡災害.在大約48 678 km~2的區域內,採用震後遙感影像解譯併結閤野外調查的方法,共解譯齣48 007箇滑坡.應用GIS技術,建立瞭汶川地震誘髮滑坡災害及相關地形、地質空間數據庫,分析瞭斷層、巖性、高程、坡度、坡嚮、河流、公路等7箇因素與滑坡分佈的關繫,應用滑坡麵積百分比這一標準來分彆衡量每箇因素中各箇級彆對滑坡的影響程度;然後使用層次分析法對這7箇參數進行權重分析;在GIS平檯下對這些參數進行綜閤分析,通過分析結果將研究區內滑坡按易髮程度分為極高易髮區、高易髮區、中易髮區、低易髮區與極低易髮區5類,極高易髮區與高易髮區麵積約8 211 km~2,佔研究區總麵積的16.9%;最後,使用汶川地震滑坡數據庫對研究結果進行檢驗,檢驗麯線錶明分區效果良好,其中極高易髮區與高易髮區內實際髮生滑坡麵積為430 km~2,佔滑坡總麵積的60.5%.
2008년5월12일14시28분,사천문천발생료M_s8.0급대지진,지진유발료수이만계적활파재해.재대약48 678 km~2적구역내,채용진후요감영상해역병결합야외조사적방법,공해역출48 007개활파.응용GIS기술,건립료문천지진유발활파재해급상관지형、지질공간수거고,분석료단층、암성、고정、파도、파향、하류、공로등7개인소여활파분포적관계,응용활파면적백분비저일표준래분별형량매개인소중각개급별대활파적영향정도;연후사용층차분석법대저7개삼수진행권중분석;재GIS평태하대저사삼수진행종합분석,통과분석결과장연구구내활파안역발정도분위겁고역발구、고역발구、중역발구、저역발구여겁저역발구5류,겁고역발구여고역발구면적약8 211 km~2,점연구구총면적적16.9%;최후,사용문천지진활파수거고대연구결과진행검험,검험곡선표명분구효과량호,기중겁고역발구여고역발구내실제발생활파면적위430 km~2,점활파총면적적60.5%.
On 12 May 2008,a catastrophic earthquake with surface wave magnitude of 8.0 struck the Sichuan Province of China. Tens of thousand of landslides were triggered by this earthquake over a broad area. 48 007 landslides were interpreted from aerial photographs and multi-source remote sensing imageries,verified by field check. A spatial database,including landslides and associated controlling parameters which may have influence on the occurrence of landslides,was developed and analyzed using geographical information system(GIS) technology. The correlations of landslide distribution with controlling parameters,including faults,lithology,elevation,slope angle,slope aspect,drainages and roads are firstly analyzed,and landslide area-ratio was calculated for each group of the above parameters. An analytical hierarchy process(AHP) was then applied to determine the significance of controlling parameters in triggering the landslides. The resulting susceptibility map showed five classes of landslide susceptibility,i.e. extremely high,high,moderate,low,and extremely low. The area with extremely high and high susceptibility accounts for about 8 211 km~2,16.9% of the study area. This indicates that the result is reasonable in 60.5% of the landslides occurred in high or extremely high susceptibility region.