CAJ | 학술논문

根据西沙和中沙群岛海域鱼类凋查研究的历史资料,对鱼类物种组成进行了系统整理,发现该海域记录的鱼类种类有620种,隶属于26目98科301属.地理分布以印度-太平洋、印度-西太平洋、西太平洋3种类型为主,典型珊瑚礁鱼类的科属类型突出,证实了该水域高生物多样性、丰富生物量以及高生产力的特性.采用分类阶元包含指数分析得出,西沙和中沙群岛海域鱼类组成目、科、属所分别拥有的(科、属、种),(属、种)和(种)的平均数目分别为(3.77、11.58、23.85),(3.07、6.33)和(2.06),与东沙群岛海域较为接近,且明显高于东海陆架区海域,证明低纬度海域的鱼类分类多样性低,种类组成主要集中分布于较少数的分类类群.使用PRIMER5.2软件计算了平均分类差异指数△+和分类差异变异指数△+,数值分别为60.0和164.0,其中△+低于东海陆架区(65.7),高于东沙群岛海域(55.2),说明西沙和中沙群岛海域鱼类组成之间的亲缘关系比东海陆架海区近而比东沙群岛海区远,这可能与西沙和中沙群岛海域主要受南海反气旋式环流系统所支配,环境因子变化大有关.对比我国同处于海洋生物物种多样性最高的印度尼西亚-马来西亚-菲律宾海区的东沙群岛和南沙群岛海域,并对10科典型的珊瑚礁鱼类进行相对丰富度和相似性指数分析,发现任意两海域之间典型珊瑚礁鱼类科的相对丰富度差异均不显著,这可能是由于他们同处西太平洋地区物种多样性中心,起源同源有关.西沙和中沙群岛与南沙群岛珊瑚礁海域较为相似,基本体现了距离越远,相似性系数越小的特点:其鱼类组成的多样性符合以世界物种多样性高的三角区为中心,呈降低的梯度分布的特点.研究结果支持西沙和中沙群岛海域鱼类地理位置靠近世界物种多样性高的三角区.
근거서사화중사군도해역어류조사연구적역사자료,대어류물충조성진행료계통정리,발현해해역기록적어류충류유620충,대속우26목98과301속.지리분포이인도-태평양、인도-서태평양、서태평양3충류형위주,전형산호초어류적과속류형돌출,증실료해수역고생물다양성、봉부생물량이급고생산력적특성.채용분류계원포함지수분석득출,서사화중사군도해역어류조성목、과、속소분별옹유적(과、속、충),(속、충)화(충)적평균수목분별위(3.77、11.58、23.85),(3.07、6.33)화(2.06),여동사군도해역교위접근,차명현고우동해륙가구해역,증명저위도해역적어류분류다양성저,충류조성주요집중분포우교소수적분류류군.사용PRIMER5.2연건계산료평균분류차이지수△+화분류차이변이지수△+,수치분별위60.0화164.0,기중△+저우동해륙가구(65.7),고우동사군도해역(55.2),설명서사화중사군도해역어류조성지간적친연관계비동해륙가해구근이비동사군도해구원,저가능여서사화중사군도해역주요수남해반기선식배류계통소지배,배경인자변화대유관.대비아국동처우해양생물물충다양성최고적인도니서아-마래서아-비률빈해구적동사군도화남사군도해역,병대10과전형적산호초어류진행상대봉부도화상사성지수분석,발현임의량해역지간전형산호초어류과적상대봉부도차이균불현저,저가능시유우타문동처서태평양지구물충다양성중심,기원동원유관.서사화중사군도여남사군도산호초해역교위상사,기본체현료거리월원,상사성계수월소적특점:기어류조성적다양성부합이세계물충다양성고적삼각구위중심,정강저적제도분포적특점.연구결과지지서사화중사군도해역어류지리위치고근세계물충다양성고적삼각구.
Based on the records of fish species in Xisha & Zhongsha Islands, we sorted out the composition of fish species systematically and found that 602 species in Xisha & Zhongsha Islands belong to 26 orders, 98 families and 301 genera, mainly distributing in Indo-Pacific,Indo-western Pacific and Western Pacific, which indicated the high biodiversity, biomass and productivity of these areas. Analyzed by the inclusion index in taxonomic level, the average number of(families, genera, species),(genera, species)and (species)in per order, family and genus were(3.77,11.58,23.85),(3.07,6.33)and(2.06), similar to the case of Dongsha Islands and obviously higher than that in the East China Sea Continent Shelf .It was showed that taxonomic diversity was lower in the lower-latitude area than in the the higher-latitude area. The average taxonomic distinctness △+ and the variation in taxonomic distinctness △+ of Xisha & Zhongsha islands(164.0)were calculated by PRIMER5.2 software. The value of △+ in the Xisha & Zhongsha Islands(60.2)was lower than that in the East China Sea Continental Shelf(65.7)but higher than that in the Dongsha Islands(55.2), which may due to the anticyclonic circulation in Xisha & Zhongsha Islands. Compared with Dongsha Islands and Nansha Islands in China and Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines sea areas, we also analyzed the richness of 10 families and found no significant difference among them, which may be related to their locations near the triangle center where had the highest species diversity in the Westem Pacific.The similarities between Xisha & Zhongsha Islands and the NanSha Islands was closer, demonstrating that the similarity was lower with farther distance. The species diversity was gradiently distributed since the triangle center where had the highest species diversity in the world.The results of the paper supported the inference that the fish species diversity was appropriate higher in Xisha & Zhongsha Islands since it was near the triangle center.