武汉大学学报(医学版)
武漢大學學報(醫學版)
무한대학학보(의학판)
Wuhan University(Medical Edition)
2001年
2期
117-119
,共3页
燕虹%郭毅%朱世柱%陈冬娥%李建屏%杨勤%张益诚%吴怀安
燕虹%郭毅%硃世柱%陳鼕娥%李建屏%楊勤%張益誠%吳懷安
연홍%곽의%주세주%진동아%리건병%양근%장익성%오부안
妇女%婚姻状况%生殖
婦女%婚姻狀況%生殖
부녀%혼인상황%생식
目的：了解湖北省土家族育龄妇女的婚姻、生育状况。方法：采用分层整群抽样抽取5 022户，用统一的调查表入户调查育龄妇女5 702人。结果：1994年湖北省土家族育龄妇女的在婚(初婚和再婚)比为79.66%，离婚分居比、未婚比、丧偶比分别为0.34%、19.17%和0.83%。20岁以下育龄妇女的已婚比为3.49%(宣恩、咸丰、来凤3县分别为2.79%、3.21%和4.55%)，30岁及30岁以上育龄妇女已婚比为99.58%。土家族育龄妇女不同年代的平均初婚年龄有逐渐增大的趋势，其中1993年1月～1994年7月育龄妇女平均初婚年龄为22.25岁。1993年8月～1994年7月土家族育龄妇女的普通生育率为8.84%，标化生育率为8.12%，总和生育率为2.22%。来凤县标化生育率(9.77%)高于宣恩(7.44%)和咸丰(7.26%)(P＜0.05和P＜0.01)。20岁以下育龄妇女的生育率为1.36%，其中，来凤县达2.86%。活产婴儿中，一孩比为53.68%，二孩及多孩比分别为41.35%和4.97%，来凤县多孩比(11.23%)高于宣恩(1.95%)和咸丰(0.62%)(P＜0.01)，活产婴儿性别比(男∶女)为128.1∶100。结论：湖北省土家族育龄妇女婚姻较稳定，平均初婚年龄逐年推迟，生育率仍处于较高水平，某些地区存在早婚、早育、多育现象。
目的：瞭解湖北省土傢族育齡婦女的婚姻、生育狀況。方法：採用分層整群抽樣抽取5 022戶，用統一的調查錶入戶調查育齡婦女5 702人。結果：1994年湖北省土傢族育齡婦女的在婚(初婚和再婚)比為79.66%，離婚分居比、未婚比、喪偶比分彆為0.34%、19.17%和0.83%。20歲以下育齡婦女的已婚比為3.49%(宣恩、鹹豐、來鳳3縣分彆為2.79%、3.21%和4.55%)，30歲及30歲以上育齡婦女已婚比為99.58%。土傢族育齡婦女不同年代的平均初婚年齡有逐漸增大的趨勢，其中1993年1月～1994年7月育齡婦女平均初婚年齡為22.25歲。1993年8月～1994年7月土傢族育齡婦女的普通生育率為8.84%，標化生育率為8.12%，總和生育率為2.22%。來鳳縣標化生育率(9.77%)高于宣恩(7.44%)和鹹豐(7.26%)(P＜0.05和P＜0.01)。20歲以下育齡婦女的生育率為1.36%，其中，來鳳縣達2.86%。活產嬰兒中，一孩比為53.68%，二孩及多孩比分彆為41.35%和4.97%，來鳳縣多孩比(11.23%)高于宣恩(1.95%)和鹹豐(0.62%)(P＜0.01)，活產嬰兒性彆比(男∶女)為128.1∶100。結論：湖北省土傢族育齡婦女婚姻較穩定，平均初婚年齡逐年推遲，生育率仍處于較高水平，某些地區存在早婚、早育、多育現象。
목적：료해호북성토가족육령부녀적혼인、생육상황。방법：채용분층정군추양추취5 022호，용통일적조사표입호조사육령부녀5 702인。결과：1994년호북성토가족육령부녀적재혼(초혼화재혼)비위79.66%，리혼분거비、미혼비、상우비분별위0.34%、19.17%화0.83%。20세이하육령부녀적이혼비위3.49%(선은、함봉、래봉3현분별위2.79%、3.21%화4.55%)，30세급30세이상육령부녀이혼비위99.58%。토가족육령부녀불동년대적평균초혼년령유축점증대적추세，기중1993년1월～1994년7월육령부녀평균초혼년령위22.25세。1993년8월～1994년7월토가족육령부녀적보통생육솔위8.84%，표화생육솔위8.12%，총화생육솔위2.22%。래봉현표화생육솔(9.77%)고우선은(7.44%)화함봉(7.26%)(P＜0.05화P＜0.01)。20세이하육령부녀적생육솔위1.36%，기중，래봉현체2.86%。활산영인중，일해비위53.68%，이해급다해비분별위41.35%화4.97%，래봉현다해비(11.23%)고우선은(1.95%)화함봉(0.62%)(P＜0.01)，활산영인성별비(남∶녀)위128.1∶100。결론：호북성토가족육령부녀혼인교은정，평균초혼년령축년추지，생육솔잉처우교고수평，모사지구존재조혼、조육、다육현상。
To understand the marriage and fertility state of women at the reproductive age of Tujia nationality in Hubei Province, China.Methods:An interview survey of 5 072 women at the childbearing age from three counties selected by stratified sampling and random cluster sampling was performed. Results:In 1994,the proportion of married women at the childbearing age was 79.66%,the proportion of divorce and separation 0.34%,unmarried proportion 19.17% and the proportion of bereft was 0.83% and 3.49% out of women aged under 20 years were married(2.79% in Xuan-en,3.21% in Xian-feng;4.55% in Lai-feng county).The married proportion was 61.31% in women aged 20～24,95.59% in those aged 25～29 and 99.58% in those aged 30 and over 30. The average age at first marriage was delayed year after year and it was 22.25 years during January,1993 and July,1994.The women's general and standardized fertility rate was 8.84% and 8.12% respectively during Auguest,1993 and July,1994.The total fertility rate was 2.22%. The standardized bearing rate in Lai-feng county(9.77%)was higher than that in Xuan-en county(7.44%)and that in Xian-feng county (7.26%)(P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).The fertility rate of the women aged under 20 years was 1.36%(2.86% in Lai-feng county). Of live birth,the proportions of children born firstly,secondly and later were 53.68%,41.35% and 4.97% respectively. The proportion of children born later in Laif-eng county(11.23%) was higher than that in Xuan-en county (1.95%) and that in Xian-feng county (0.62%)(P＜0.01).The sex ratio of live birth was 128.1∶100. Conclusion: The marriage state of women at the reproductive age of Tujia nationality is stable.The average marital age increases year after year, but the fertility rate is high and there are still early marriage,early gestation and multi-delivery in some areas.
