CAJ | 학술논문

研究地点位于广东、湖南和湖北三省的华南双季稻分布区,纬度跨度为 22.84°～32.51°N 之间.沿纬度每 30～50km间距取样,一共为26个样点,每个样点包含 3～5个样品(稻田内、稻田外和附近地表或次生林表土样).本研究采用了孢粉分析方法,在镜下共鉴定77种孢粉类型.研究结果表明,该区稻田耕土表层的禾本科花粉含量为36% ～88% ,其中水稻型花粉含量为 30%～84% ,平均含量为57.41% .而稻田外旱地样品禾本科总量降至26% ～77%之间,而水稻型花粉平均值降低至38.52% .稻田内外样品和尘土花粉结果的对比分析表明,在人类强烈干扰的双季稻耕作区,禾本科含量达到36%以上时,很可能表明与稻作农业发展有关.上述表土孢粉结果为地层孢粉分析寻找农业和人类活动的证据提供了新的数据. 番禺万顷沙钻孔孢粉研究表明,禾本科花粉在历史上出现一个快速增加的突变(从约10%增加至50% ),反映了珠江三角洲稻作农业的迅速发展开始于秦朝,可能与当地人口快速增加和中原地区农耕技术的引入有关.而香港壕涌西区考古遗址地层的孢粉分析揭示出该地点的土地利用是从明清才开始作为耕地使用,而更早的唐宋时期并非原地种植水稻.
연구지점위우엄동、호남화호북삼성적화남쌍계도분포구,위도과도위 22.84°～32.51°N 지간.연위도매 30～50km간거취양,일공위26개양점,매개양점포함 3～5개양품(도전내、도전외화부근지표혹차생림표토양).본연구채용료포분분석방법,재경하공감정77충포분류형.연구결과표명,해구도전경토표층적화본과화분함량위36% ～88% ,기중수도형화분함량위 30%～84% ,평균함량위57.41% .이도전외한지양품화본과총량강지26% ～77%지간,이수도형화분평균치강저지38.52% .도전내외양품화진토화분결과적대비분석표명,재인류강렬간우적쌍계도경작구,화본과함량체도36%이상시,흔가능표명여도작농업발전유관.상술표토포분결과위지층포분분석심조농업화인류활동적증거제공료신적수거. 번우만경사찬공포분연구표명,화본과화분재역사상출현일개쾌속증가적돌변(종약10%증가지50% ),반영료주강삼각주도작농업적신속발전개시우진조,가능여당지인구쾌속증가화중원지구농경기술적인입유관.이향항호용서구고고유지지층적포분분석게시출해지점적토지이용시종명청재개시작위경지사용,이경조적당송시기병비원지충식수도.
The studied places are located in Guangdong,Hunan and Hubei Provinces of South Eastern China,covering the latitudes of 22.84°N to 32.51°N where the agriculture is mainly planting of double-crop rice. The samples were collected in interval of 30～50km. along latitude. We collected 26 samples,each consisting of three sub-samples(inside and outside the rice field,and neighboring forest). The corresponding 26 sample sites have been palynologically studied. By the traditional pollen analysis,we identified 77 pollen types. The total content of Poaceae pollen in the rice field is 36% ～88% ,and the content of Oryza-type pollen is 30% ～84% ,averaging 57.41%. The total content of Poaceae pollen in the dry field outside the rice field is 26% ～77% ,and the average content of Oryza-type pollen is 38.52% . The comparison of pollen contents inside and outside the rice field and in the dust indicates that the Poaceae pollen content of 36% or higher is much likely related to rice cultivation development,even if human activities have strong impacts on the double-crop paddy areas. The conclusion provides new evidence for studying human activities and agriculture in prehistoric sites. The Poaceae pollen content in borehole cores in Wanqingsha of Panyu had a sharp increase during the Holocene,from ca.10% to 50% ,implying that a rapid development of rice cultivation in the Zhujiang Delta area began with the Qin Dynasty. On the other hand,pollens in Sai Kung archaeological profile suggest that rice cultivation began until Ming and Qing Dynasties.