CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析2010年中国肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征和趋势.方法利用描述性流行病学对2010年中国HFRS病例资料及国家监测点监测资料进行统计分析.结果 2010年全国共报告HFRS病例9526例,发病例数较2009年上升8.93％,报告死亡118例,病死率为1.24％.全国发病明显呈春季和秋冬季两个季节高峰,11月为全年最高发病月份,多数省份春季高峰发病所占比例呈现下降趋势,秋冬季高峰发病所占比例逐步增加；各年龄组男性发病均高于女性,多数年龄组(除25～30岁和＞65岁组外)男性病死率高于女性,＞60岁年龄组病例所占比例有所升高；病例职业仍以农民最多.与往年相比,各监测点鼠密度及带病毒率变化不明显.各监测点鼠种多且构成复杂,野外以黑线姬鼠占主导优势,居民区以褐家鼠占主导优势,但云南省国家级监测点野外和居住区的优势鼠种分别为黄胸鼠和大绒鼠,并在野外大绒鼠监测到新型汉坦病毒(泸西病毒).结论 HFRS在中国分布广泛,发病呈地域性和聚集性,局部地区仍存在暴发和流行的风险,发病人群特征及不同类型疫区的发病季节分布均有变化.
목적 분석2010년중국신종합정출혈열(HFRS)류행특정화추세.방법 이용묘술성류행병학대2010년중국HFRS병례자료급국가감측점감측자료진행통계분석.결과 2010년전국공보고HFRS병례9526례,발병례수교2009년상승8.93％,보고사망118례,병사솔위1.24％.전국발병명현정춘계화추동계량개계절고봉,11월위전년최고발병월빈,다수성빈춘계고봉발병소점비례정현하강추세,추동계고봉발병소점비례축보증가；각년령조남성발병균고우녀성,다수년령조(제25～30세화＞65세조외)남성병사솔고우녀성,＞60세년령조병례소점비례유소승고；병례직업잉이농민최다.여왕년상비,각감측점서밀도급대병독솔변화불명현.각감측점서충다차구성복잡,야외이흑선희서점주도우세,거민구이갈가서점주도우세,단운남성국가급감측점야외화거주구적우세서충분별위황흉서화대융서,병재야외대융서감측도신형한탄병독(로서병독).결론 HFRS재중국분포엄범,발병정지역성화취집성,국부지구잉존재폭발화류행적풍험,발병인군특정급불동류형역구적발병계절분포균유변화.
Objective To analyze the surveillance data on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) including the epidemiological characteristics and trend of the disease,in 2010.Methods Descriptive methods were conducted to analyze the surveillance data in 2010 which were collected from the internet-based National Notifiable Disease Reporting System and 40 HFRS sentinels in China.Results There were 9526 cases of HFRS reported in 2010 in the country with an annual morbidity of 0.71/105,which was higher than that reported in 2009.And the case fatality rate in 2010 was 1.24％.During the year 2010,most cases were reported in spring and autumn-winter season,with November as the peak month.The proportion of cases reported in autumn-winter season was higher than that in spring.The number of cases reported in males was higher than that in females among all the age groups,and similar pattern of mortality could be seen in most of the age groups.The percentage of cases over 60 years old had increased in recent years.Farmers were still under the highest risk.Density and the virus-carrying rate of animal hosts,as well as the infection rate were relatively stable and similar to the previous findings.As to the prevailing species,Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus were still the most common and leading animal hosts.However,the dominant species in sentinel of Yunnan were Rattus flavipectus and Eothenomys miletus respectively,and a new hantavirus called LUXV was found,namely Eothenomys miletus.Conclusion HFRS cases were widely distributed in most provinces of China,but cases mainly focus on certain areas and present the nature of aggregation.The risk of outbreak could not be ruled out for variety of factors.Population characteristics and seasonal fluctuation had been changing.