中国渔业经济
中國漁業經濟
중국어업경제
CHINESE FISHERIES ECONOMICS
2010年
4期
30-36
,共7页
禁用渔具%法律层级%技术自然属性%法律修改%强化管理%配套法规
禁用漁具%法律層級%技術自然屬性%法律脩改%彊化管理%配套法規
금용어구%법률층급%기술자연속성%법률수개%강화관리%배투법규
banned fishing gears%law hierarchy%natural quality of technique%law amending%strengthen management%supporting regulations
本文针对江、浙两省渔业管理条例有关禁用渔具条款，以底扒网和帆张网为例，从法律和技术两个层面进行剖析，阐明作者观点：①法律体系层面，两渔具不应在《渔业法》规定“禁用渔具”类别内，两省渔业管理条例分别定性其为禁用渔具，不符合“下位法不得与上位法相低触”之立法原则；技术的自然属性层面，两渔具体现了客观的自然属性与人的主观能动性的综合，不失具独特的先进性。②相关禁用渔具法律条款之法律绩效无法实现的症结在管理层面，因此工作着力点应放在强化管理上。③建议对两省渔业管理条例中的有关禁用渔具条款启动“法律修改”程序，并同步实施与解禁渔具相配套的制度与体系构建，即根据幼鱼资源发生和时空分布等客观规律，积极引导捕捞生产，努力寻求利用资源与保护幼鱼之间的平衡。④基于配套法规之科技支撑体系难以短期解决现状，与解禁渔具配套法律体系只能分步构建和逐步完善，可先依据《渔业法》第三十条赋予权限，依法针对资源敏感区、幼鱼高发期实施探索性的临时禁渔规定，并可同时出台最小网目尺寸、幼鱼比例抽检等辅助性渔政管理规定等。
本文針對江、浙兩省漁業管理條例有關禁用漁具條款，以底扒網和帆張網為例，從法律和技術兩箇層麵進行剖析，闡明作者觀點：①法律體繫層麵，兩漁具不應在《漁業法》規定“禁用漁具”類彆內，兩省漁業管理條例分彆定性其為禁用漁具，不符閤“下位法不得與上位法相低觸”之立法原則；技術的自然屬性層麵，兩漁具體現瞭客觀的自然屬性與人的主觀能動性的綜閤，不失具獨特的先進性。②相關禁用漁具法律條款之法律績效無法實現的癥結在管理層麵，因此工作著力點應放在彊化管理上。③建議對兩省漁業管理條例中的有關禁用漁具條款啟動“法律脩改”程序，併同步實施與解禁漁具相配套的製度與體繫構建，即根據幼魚資源髮生和時空分佈等客觀規律，積極引導捕撈生產，努力尋求利用資源與保護幼魚之間的平衡。④基于配套法規之科技支撐體繫難以短期解決現狀，與解禁漁具配套法律體繫隻能分步構建和逐步完善，可先依據《漁業法》第三十條賦予權限，依法針對資源敏感區、幼魚高髮期實施探索性的臨時禁漁規定，併可同時齣檯最小網目呎吋、幼魚比例抽檢等輔助性漁政管理規定等。
본문침대강、절량성어업관리조례유관금용어구조관，이저배망화범장망위례，종법률화기술량개층면진행부석，천명작자관점：①법률체계층면，량어구불응재《어업법》규정“금용어구”유별내，량성어업관리조례분별정성기위금용어구，불부합“하위법불득여상위법상저촉”지입법원칙；기술적자연속성층면，량어구체현료객관적자연속성여인적주관능동성적종합，불실구독특적선진성。②상관금용어구법률조관지법률적효무법실현적증결재관리층면，인차공작착력점응방재강화관리상。③건의대량성어업관리조례중적유관금용어구조관계동“법률수개”정서，병동보실시여해금어구상배투적제도여체계구건，즉근거유어자원발생화시공분포등객관규률，적겁인도포로생산，노력심구이용자원여보호유어지간적평형。④기우배투법규지과기지탱체계난이단기해결현상，여해금어구배투법률체계지능분보구건화축보완선，가선의거《어업법》제삼십조부여권한，의법침대자원민감구、유어고발기실시탐색성적림시금어규정，병가동시출태최소망목척촌、유어비례추검등보조성어정관리규정등。
This article takes D.P.W. fishing gear and F.Z.W. fishing gear for example, to the question of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces control regulations which emerged in specifical implementation, the author illustrated his viewpoint based on legal aria technical level：①The two provinces added the two fishing gears in banned fishing gears in fishery management which is not agree with the principle of ＂A lower level law cannot contravenes a higher level law＂ in legal level. The two fishing gears with distinctive advancement represented the combination of their natural quality and subjective initiative; ②The reason of principles of law concerned with forbidden fishing gears which is unfulfillable is from management, so the main focus of work should be strengthen management; ③Advise on implementing the ＂law amending＂ procedure related to banned fishing gears articles in the regulations of fishery management of those two provinces is proposed, and lift ban on the necessary system with system establishment of fishery tackles is put into effect. Namely, it should be based on objective laws as well as space-time distribution of juvenile fish resources to create favorable conditions, so as to protect juvenile fish resources while utilizing resources efficiently. ④ Because of the situation that is difficult to solve in the short-term by the scientific supporting system of regulations, while lift ban on regulation systems can be only step-by-step instructed and gradually improved. Thus, permissions could be granted according to Article 30 of ＂The Fishery Law＂, to implement exploring transitory provisions of closed fishing aiming at sensitive area of natural resources and high season of juvenile fish. Meanwhile, to issue regulations such as, the minimum size of meshes and casual inspection of the percentage of juvenile fish, as supplementary regulations of fishery administration.
