CAJ | 학술논문

18世纪末19世纪初,美国认可患者有权在治疗中了解和选择有关措施,并提出医生在实行手术治疗前必须取得患者知情同意.1946年,在审判纳粹通过的《纽伦堡法典》中,知情同意被作为患者的权利确定下来.1957年美国加利福尼亚州上诉法院对Salgo事件的判决中,法官引入了“知情同意”这一词汇,将“知情同意”引入医疗诉讼领域,形成了“知情同意”理论.1964年6月,第18届世界医学协会联合大会在芬兰通过了《赫尔辛基宣言》,它对人体实验作了进一步要求.1975年,第29届世界医学会对其作了大幅改动,将informed consent一词置于宣言中.1981年,世界医学会第34届全体大会提出了《里斯本病人权利宣言》,将知情同意扩展到了对所有病人的治疗中.20世纪80年代中后期,知情同意被引入中国,1999年,这一理念被纳入《中华人民共和国执业医师法》.自此,知情同意在中国逐渐得到应用和发展.
18세기말19세기초,미국인가환자유권재치료중료해화선택유관조시,병제출의생재실행수술치료전필수취득환자지정동의.1946년,재심판납수통과적《뉴륜보법전》중,지정동의피작위환자적권리학정하래.1957년미국가리복니아주상소법원대Salgo사건적판결중,법관인입료“지정동의”저일사회,장“지정동의”인입의료소송영역,형성료“지정동의”이론.1964년6월,제18계세계의학협회연합대회재분란통과료《혁이신기선언》,타대인체실험작료진일보요구.1975년,제29계세계의학회대기작료대폭개동,장informed consent일사치우선언중.1981년,세계의학회제34계전체대회제출료《리사본병인권리선언》,장지정동의확전도료대소유병인적치료중.20세기80년대중후기,지정동의피인입중국,1999년,저일이념피납입《중화인민공화국집업의사법》.자차,지정동의재중국축점득도응용화발전.
At the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century it was acknowledged that patients had the right to know and choose intervention themselves and informed consent must be gained before operation.In 1946,the Nuremberg Code was legalized and at the same time informed consent was preserved as a patient's right.In 1957,court of appeals California quoted ‘informed consent' in medicine litigation in salgo's suitcase and the theory of informed consent was conceived.In June,1964,the Helsinki Declaration was approved by the 18th World Medical Association Conference in Finland,in which claims about human experiments had been made.At the 29th World Medical Association Conference ( 1975 ),the Helsinki Declaration was greatly revised and the word ‘ informed consent' was put in the declaration.Informed Consent was placed into the declaration in 1981,the Declaration of Lisbon on the Rights of the Patient was approved at the 34th World Medical Association Conference and the scope of informed consent was enlarged to include all patients.The concept was introduced to China in the middle to late 1980s and was adopted by the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Medical Practitioners.From then on it was applied and developed gradually in China.