CAJ | 학술논문

华北平原地下水浅埋区水循环主要以垂直方向上的入渗、蒸发和蒸腾的方式存在,同位素可以作为一种有效"示踪剂"揭示降水入渗补给地下水的过程.选择华北平原中、东部地下水浅埋区的衡水和沧州为典型实验点,研究不同降水特征、土壤质地和植被条件下入渗过程的差异性.结果表明,土壤非均质条件下(沧州), 降水入渗补给过程中伴随着蒸发、植被蒸腾作用以及与土壤前期水分的强烈混合作用, 活塞流入渗的同时土壤100cm深度可能还存在大孔隙优先流; 土壤均质条件下(衡水), 降水向下均匀入渗,入渗速度较快,土壤水运动以新水基本代替老水的活塞流为主要形式,并经过强烈的蒸发浓缩作用补给地下水.
화북평원지하수천매구수순배주요이수직방향상적입삼、증발화증등적방식존재,동위소가이작위일충유효"시종제"게시강수입삼보급지하수적과정.선택화북평원중、동부지하수천매구적형수화창주위전형실험점,연구불동강수특정、토양질지화식피조건하입삼과정적차이성.결과표명,토양비균질조건하(창주), 강수입삼보급과정중반수착증발、식피증등작용이급여토양전기수분적강렬혼합작용, 활새류입삼적동시토양100cm심도가능환존재대공극우선류; 토양균질조건하(형수), 강수향하균균입삼,입삼속도교쾌,토양수운동이신수기본대체로수적활새류위주요형식,병경과강렬적증발농축작용보급지하수.
In the shallow groundwater areas of North China Plain water cycle mostly occurs as infiltration, evaporation and evapotranspiration in the vertical direction, in which the unsaturated zone plays an important role in precipitation and groundwater. Isotope can be used to trace the process when the precipitation infiltrates and recharges groundwater. In this paper Cangzhou and Hengshui sites are selected as the typical shallow groundwater areas to research the difference of the infiltration process under the different precipitation features, soil textures and vegetation conditions. The results show that at the site with the heterogeneous soil texture the precipitation infiltrates and moves in soil as the piston mode and the mixture effect, and the evapotranspiration effect during the infiltration process is significant in the distribution of soil water. Some evidence is provided for the existence of the preferable flow at 100 m depth. The groundwater is mainly recharged by precipitation. However, at the homogeneous site the infiltration process is uniform and the soil water moves as piston mode, too. Both deep soil water and groundwater are totally recharged by precipitation. After precipitation the recharged groundwater experiences strong evaporation effect.