地震地质
地震地質
지진지질
SEISMOLOGY AND GEOLOGY
2010年
1期
1-15
,共15页
安艳芬%韩竹军%董绍鹏%徐锡伟
安豔芬%韓竹軍%董紹鵬%徐錫偉
안염분%한죽군%동소붕%서석위
汶川8.0级地震%地表破裂%中央断裂%端部破裂(变形)特征%青川
汶川8.0級地震%地錶破裂%中央斷裂%耑部破裂(變形)特徵%青川
문천8.0급지진%지표파렬%중앙단렬%단부파렬(변형)특정%청천
Wenchuan M_s 8. 0 earthquake%surface rupture%the central fault%rupture( deformation) at tip portion%Qingchuan
汶川地震地表破裂在东北端从石坎子乡到窝前的运动性质存着从走滑分量略高于倾滑分量到完全为右旋走滑运动的变化过程,倾滑分量在石坎子一平溪段具有逆断性质,在矿坪子及其以北为正断性质,未见挤压变形,窝前完全为右旋走滑运动,地表变形带宽度集中在10m以内;在董家村,地震地表破裂带主要表现为张性裂缝及地堑式负地形,是地震破裂在尾端应力作用下,应变不均一性调节的产物,地表变形带宽度约10~12m;在东河口以北未见地表破裂的证据,推测汶川地震地表破裂带没有穿过流经青川县东河口、关庄、凉水井一带的清水河,东河口一带的构造地貌现象反映了垂直差异性运动,不存在右旋走滑运动的地质地貌证据.在中央断裂东北端断层一侧隆升和另一侧拉张的典型四象限格局成为汶川地震地表破裂的端部表现特征.中央断裂上的汶川地震地表破裂带总长度为240km左右.在汶川地震过程中,沿着中央断裂在地表产生的构造变形在中央断裂的范围内就已经得到了调整,并没有越过中央断裂的范围而传递到以外的地段.
汶川地震地錶破裂在東北耑從石坎子鄉到窩前的運動性質存著從走滑分量略高于傾滑分量到完全為右鏇走滑運動的變化過程,傾滑分量在石坎子一平溪段具有逆斷性質,在礦坪子及其以北為正斷性質,未見擠壓變形,窩前完全為右鏇走滑運動,地錶變形帶寬度集中在10m以內;在董傢村,地震地錶破裂帶主要錶現為張性裂縫及地塹式負地形,是地震破裂在尾耑應力作用下,應變不均一性調節的產物,地錶變形帶寬度約10~12m;在東河口以北未見地錶破裂的證據,推測汶川地震地錶破裂帶沒有穿過流經青川縣東河口、關莊、涼水井一帶的清水河,東河口一帶的構造地貌現象反映瞭垂直差異性運動,不存在右鏇走滑運動的地質地貌證據.在中央斷裂東北耑斷層一側隆升和另一側拉張的典型四象限格跼成為汶川地震地錶破裂的耑部錶現特徵.中央斷裂上的汶川地震地錶破裂帶總長度為240km左右.在汶川地震過程中,沿著中央斷裂在地錶產生的構造變形在中央斷裂的範圍內就已經得到瞭調整,併沒有越過中央斷裂的範圍而傳遞到以外的地段.
문천지진지표파렬재동북단종석감자향도와전적운동성질존착종주활분량략고우경활분량도완전위우선주활운동적변화과정,경활분량재석감자일평계단구유역단성질,재광평자급기이북위정단성질,미견제압변형,와전완전위우선주활운동,지표변형대관도집중재10m이내;재동가촌,지진지표파렬대주요표현위장성렬봉급지참식부지형,시지진파렬재미단응력작용하,응변불균일성조절적산물,지표변형대관도약10~12m;재동하구이북미견지표파렬적증거,추측문천지진지표파렬대몰유천과류경청천현동하구、관장、량수정일대적청수하,동하구일대적구조지모현상반영료수직차이성운동,불존재우선주활운동적지질지모증거.재중앙단렬동북단단층일측륭승화령일측랍장적전형사상한격국성위문천지진지표파렬적단부표현특정.중앙단렬상적문천지진지표파렬대총장도위240km좌우.재문천지진과정중,연착중앙단렬재지표산생적구조변형재중앙단렬적범위내취이경득도료조정,병몰유월과중앙단렬적범위이전체도이외적지단.
The kinematic property of the Wenchan earthquake's surface rupture changes from strike-slip with slightly smaller dip-slip component to the dominant dextral strike-slip at the northeasternmost region between Shikan in Pingwu county and Woqian in Qingchuan county, where, the dip-slip component isreverse between Shikan and Pingxi, normal at Kuangpingzi and its north , with no compressive deformation observed,and it turns to dextral strike-slip near Woqian. The width of the surface deformation zone is less than 10m on this segment. At Dongjia,a village north of Woqian in Qingchuan,the seismic surface rupture zone mainly exhibits as extensional fissures and graben-like negative landform,which are the products of accommodation of the heterogeneous stress and strain at the tip portion of the seismic surface rupture. The width of the surface deformation zone is about 10 - 12m. No surface rupture evidence was found at Donghekou village in Qingchuan county,so we infer that the surface rupture zone didn't spread through the Qingshui River flowing along the three villages of Donghekou,Cuanzhuang and Liangshuijing in Qingchuan county and the structural geomorphology reflects variant vertical motion. Evidence for dextral strike-slip motion was hardly found. The whole length of the rupture zone on the central fault is around 240km. In the course of the Wenchuan earthquake, the tectonic deformation on the surface along the central fault was adjusted within the range of the central fault, and didn't transfer to the external regions.