CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查汽车装配作业工人肌肉骨骼疾患的发生情况,探讨可能的相关影响因素.方法选择北方某汽车制造公司1508名装配作业工人作为调查对象,采用区域工种检查表、北欧标准化肌肉骨骼症状调查表(NMQ)与疼痛问卷,对调查对象的一般情况、不良工效学因素接触情况和肌肉骨骼疾患发生情况等进行流行病学横断面和回顾性调查.结果汽车装配作业工人肌肉骨骼疾患发生部位以下背部为最高,其次为手腕部、颈部和肩部,发生较为严重的工段有发动机舱段、内饰段、门盖段、底盘段和调试段.发动机舱段和底盘段作业工人以下背部,内饰段以下背部和手腕部,门盖段以手腕部,调试段以颈部和下背部为肌肉骨骼损伤的主要部位.颈部肌肉骨骼疾患有随身高的增高而加重的趋势;吸烟可能会增加肌肉骨骼疾患的发生.结论汽车装配作业工人肌肉骨骼疾患发病较为严重,各工段发生部位各有不同,表现特征比较明显,可能与其存在的不良作业姿势或活动有关.作业工人身高和吸烟习惯可能是影响肌肉骨骼疾患发生的重要因素.
목적 조사기차장배작업공인기육골격질환적발생정황,탐토가능적상관영향인소.방법 선택북방모기차제조공사1508명장배작업공인작위조사대상,채용구역공충검사표、북구표준화기육골격증상조사표(NMQ)여동통문권,대조사대상적일반정황、불량공효학인소접촉정황화기육골격질환발생정황등진행류행병학횡단면화회고성조사.결과 기차장배작업공인기육골격질환발생부위이하배부위최고,기차위수완부、경부화견부,발생교위엄중적공단유발동궤창단、내식단、문개단、저반단화조시단.발동궤창단화저반단작업공인이하배부,내식단이하배부화수완부,문개단이수완부,조시단이경부화하배부위기육골격손상적주요부위.경부기육골격질환유수신고적증고이가중적추세;흡연가능회증가기육골격질환적발생.결론 기차장배작업공인기육골격질환발병교위엄중,각공단발생부위각유불동,표현특정비교명현,가능여기존재적불량작업자세혹활동유관.작업공인신고화흡연습관가능시영향기육골격질환발생적중요인소.
Objective To investigate the work-related musculoskeletal disorders among automobile assembly workers, to discusses the related risk factors and their relationship.Method The selected 1508 automobile assembly workers from a north car manufacturing company were regarded as the study object.The hazard zone jobs checklist, Nordic musculoskeletal symptom questionnaire ( NMQ ) and pain questionnaire were used to perform the epidemiological cross-sectional and retrospective survey and study for the General status,awkward ergonomics factors and related influencing factors, and musculoskeletal disorders of workers.Results The predominant body sites of occurring WMSDs among automobile assembly workers were mainly low back,wrist, neck and shoulders, the predominant workshop section of occurring WMSDs were mostly concentrated in engine compartment, interior ornament, door cover, chassis and debugging section.The predominant body site of WMSDs among engine compartment and chassis section workers was low back, interior ornament workers were low back and wrist, door cover workers was wrist, chassis workers was low back, debugging workers were neck and low back.Neck musculoskeletal disorders had the trend with the increase of a body height; Smoking may increase the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.Conclusion The WMSDs appears to be a serious ergonomic problem among automobile assembly workers, predominant occurring site of WMSDs is with different workshop section, its characteristics is quite obvious, probably related to its existing awkward work position or activities.The worker height and smoking habits may be important factors which affect musculoskeletal disorders happen.