儿童青少年智力的双生子研究
인동청소년지력적쌍생자연구
A twin study on intelligence and processing speed heritability of children and adolescent
  • 万方数据
    中华医学遗传学杂志 중화의학유전학잡지
    CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
    2009年 3期 326-330 ,共5页

    张晓薇%黄颐%向云%高欣%司徒明镜%方慧%张毅%付一笑%贾璐%蒙华庆%马小红%王英成%刘协和%李涛

    장효미%황이%향운%고흔%사도명경%방혜%장의%부일소%가로%몽화경%마소홍%왕영성%류협화%리도

    双生子%遗传度%智力%结构方程模型 雙生子%遺傳度%智力%結構方程模型
    쌍생자%유전도%지력%결구방정모형
    twins%heritability%intelligence%structural equation modeling
    目的 应用双生子法探讨遗传和环境因素对儿童青少年智力影响.方法 采用中国修订版-韦氏儿童智力量表评定6～16岁333对双生子的智力特点.应用结构方程模型分析遗传和环境因素对智力的影响.结果 6～16岁儿童青少年的总智商(intelligence quotient,IQ)遗传度为0.43,其中言语智商(verbal intelligence quotient,VIQ)遗传度为0.37,而遗传因素对操作智商(performance intelligence quotient,PIQ)影响甚小.10～16岁的青少年智力遗传度大于6～9岁的儿童(IQ:0.82 vs 0.00,VIQ:0.80 vs 0.00,PIQ:0.51 vs 0.00).男性的言语智商(0.47)受遗传影响大于女性(0.05);而在男性和女性中,操作智商均主要受共享环境的影响.结论 在儿童青少年时期,总智商和言语智商有中度的遗传度,而共享环境因素对操作智商的影响更大;但智商总分及言语智商和操作智商分测试分在年龄较大的青少年的遗传度都明显高于年龄较小的儿童.
    목적 응용쌍생자법탐토유전화배경인소대인동청소년지력영향.방법 채용중국수정판-위씨인동지역량표평정6～16세333대쌍생자적지력특점.응용결구방정모형분석유전화배경인소대지력적영향.결과 6～16세인동청소년적총지상(intelligence quotient,IQ)유전도위0.43,기중언어지상(verbal intelligence quotient,VIQ)유전도위0.37,이유전인소대조작지상(performance intelligence quotient,PIQ)영향심소.10～16세적청소년지력유전도대우6～9세적인동(IQ:0.82 vs 0.00,VIQ:0.80 vs 0.00,PIQ:0.51 vs 0.00).남성적언어지상(0.47)수유전영향대우녀성(0.05);이재남성화녀성중,조작지상균주요수공향배경적영향.결론 재인동청소년시기,총지상화언어지상유중도적유전도,이공향배경인소대조작지상적영향경대;단지상총분급언어지상화조작지상분측시분재년령교대적청소년적유전도도명현고우년령교소적인동.
    Objective To explore the effects of the genetic and environmental factors on intelligence of children and adolescent from the Southwest China Prospective Twin Registry (SCPT). Methods The intelligence was investigated by using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(C-WISC)in 333 twin pairs aged 6-16 years. The effects of genetic and environmental factors on IQ were analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM) and correlation analysis method. The effects in different sex and age groups in this population were also investigated. Results Genetic influence accounted for 0.43 of total IQ variance and 0.37 of verbal IQ in 6-16 years old children and adolescent, but there was no significant genetic effect on performance IQ. The heritability of children aged 10-16 years was higher than that of those aged 6-10 years (total IQ: 0. 82 vs 0.00, verbal IQ: 0. 80 vs 0. 00,performance IQ:0.51 vs 0.00). In males the heritability of verbal IQ (0. 47) was higher than that in females (0. 05). The shared environmental influences accounted for the majority of variance of performance IQ in both males and females. Conclusion There is moderate heritability on the total IQ and verbal IQ, while shared environmental factors played important roles on the variance of performance IQ. The heritability of IQ, verbal IQ and performance IQ are higher in older children and adolescent than that in younger children.
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