CAJ | 학술논문

综述了与彩色马铃薯色素产生与分布相关基因座的观念起源、种类、功能和染色体定位.与彩色马铃薯色素相关基因座的观念起源于试图解释四倍体和二倍体马铃薯块茎和其他部位颜色呈现遗传行为的两个遗传模式.与彩色马铃薯色素相关的13个基因座可划分为4类,第1、第2和第3类分别与马铃薯花色苷的合成、酰化和分布有关,第4类与马铃薯类胡萝卜素的产生相关.基因座I,P,R和Y分别编码一个MYB结构域转录因子、类黄酮3′,5′-羟化酶、二氢黄酮醇4-还原酶和β-胡萝卜素羟化酶.基因座之间复杂多样的互作综合决定了彩色马铃薯色素特别是花色苷的产生与分布.基因座D和R定位在马铃薯的2号染色体上,E,F,I和PSC在10号染色体上,P在11号染色体上,Y在3号染色体上.可为彩色马铃薯颜色呈现的遗传机理探索提供参考.
종술료여채색마령서색소산생여분포상관기인좌적관념기원、충류、공능화염색체정위.여채색마령서색소상관기인좌적관념기원우시도해석사배체화이배체마령서괴경화기타부위안색정현유전행위적량개유전모식.여채색마령서색소상관적13개기인좌가화분위4류,제1、제2화제3류분별여마령서화색감적합성、선화화분포유관,제4류여마령서류호라복소적산생상관.기인좌I,P,R화Y분별편마일개MYB결구역전록인자、류황동3′,5′-간화매、이경황동순4-환원매화β-호라복소간화매.기인좌지간복잡다양적호작종합결정료채색마령서색소특별시화색감적산생여분포.기인좌D화R정위재마령서적2호염색체상,E,F,I화PSC재10호염색체상,P재11호염색체상,Y재3호염색체상.가위채색마령서안색정현적유전궤리탐색제공삼고.
This paper summarized the idea origin,category,functions and chromosomal locations of the gene loci involved in the production and distribution of the pigments in colored potatoes. The idea of the gene loci related to the pigments in colored potatoes originated from the two genetic models which attempted to explain the inheritant behaviors of the colorations of the stem tubers and other parts of tetraploid and diploid potatoes. The overall thirteen gene loci related to the pigments in colored potatoes could be classified into four kinds. The first,second and third kinds were related to the synthesis,acylation and distribution of the potato anthocyanins respectively,and the fourth kind was related to the production of the potato carotenoids. Locus I,P,R and Y encoded a MYB-domain transcription factor,flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase,dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and β-carotene hydroxylase respectively. Various and complicated interactions among the gene loci synthetically determined the production and distribution of the pigments,especially the anthocyanins,in colored potatoes. Locus D and R were located on Chromosome 2 of potato,E,F,I and PSC on Chromosome 10,P on Chromosome 11,and Y on Chromosome 3. This paper could provide a reference for the exploration on the genetic mechanism of the colorations of colored potatoes.