CAJ | 학술논문

大熊猫栖息地正面临破碎化和人类活动干扰的威胁,如何减少这些威胁成为保护大熊猫这一生态旗舰物种的关键.通过实施生态补偿项目,充分考虑当地弱势群体生存和发展的权利,帮助其进行生计替代和能源替代,以减小生态系统所承受的压力.以120个项目农户作为研究对象,利用生态足迹方法,探讨了生态补偿项目对生活在关键生态区域内农村人口的影响.结果表明,在各种生态生产性土地中,农户对林地和草地生态占用最大,能源替代可以大幅降低农户的薪柴消耗水平,从而降低农户对林地的生态占用.通过调整农户的牲畜养殖模式,减小了放牧对草地资源的压力和对草地的生态占用.农户人均生态足迹由2005年的2.7346hm2减小至2007年的1.6325 hm2,对周边环境的压力降低,有利于保护和恢复珍稀野生动植物栖息地.
대웅묘서식지정면림파쇄화화인류활동간우적위협,여하감소저사위협성위보호대웅묘저일생태기함물충적관건.통과실시생태보상항목,충분고필당지약세군체생존화발전적권리,방조기진행생계체대화능원체대,이감소생태계통소승수적압력.이120개항목농호작위연구대상,이용생태족적방법,탐토료생태보상항목대생활재관건생태구역내농촌인구적영향.결과표명,재각충생태생산성토지중,농호대임지화초지생태점용최대,능원체대가이대폭강저농호적신시소모수평,종이강저농호대임지적생태점용.통과조정농호적생축양식모식,감소료방목대초지자원적압력화대초지적생태점용.농호인균생태족적유2005년적2.7346hm2감소지2007년적1.6325 hm2,대주변배경적압력강저,유리우보호화회복진희야생동식물서식지.
Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) habitat is under threat of fragmentation and disturbance from human being. How to reduce the threat is a cornerstone in the conservation of this flagship species. In order to get this objective, an ecological compensation project, with the sufficient consideration on recipients′ rights in survival and development, helped the farmers develop alternative livelihood and energy substitution to reduce their pressure on surrounding environment. Based on the ecological footprint (EF) concept, this study investigates 120 households to explore the influence of the ecological compensation on the household ecological footprints. The result indicated that the farmers occupied largest land area in "Forest" and "Pasture". Energy substitutions reduced fuel wood consumption dramatically and farmers′ occupancy on forest land. Farmers′ occupancy on grass land decreased with the adjustment of livestock breeding method. The recipients′ EF per capita declined from 2.7346hm2 (2005) to 1.6325 hm2 (2007), which demonstrated that ecological compensation can reduced local poor people′s EF and pressure on neighborhood environment, and this will benefit wildlife conservation.