CAJ | 학술논문

为探索灌水方式对根区水氮迁移和利用的影响,对盆栽玉米采用3种灌水方式(常规、交替、固定)和4个氮素水平,研究了不同根区湿润方式对玉米根区水氮迁移动态和利用的影响.结果表明:施氮后盆内土壤硝态氮含量和施氮量呈正相关,交替灌溉根区两侧土壤硝态氮分布均匀,固定灌溉根区干燥侧土壤硝态氮累积量明显大于湿润侧.交替灌溉上层土壤硝态氮残留量和常规灌溉同一层次上的残留量相当,下层的残留量比常规灌溉的大.交替灌溉的根冠比最大,固定灌溉的次之,常规灌溉的最小.交替灌溉的水分利用效率是常规灌溉的0.99～1.11倍,而灌水量是常规灌溉的0.75倍,节水效果明显.同一氮肥水平下,交替灌溉的单位干物质全氮吸收量最大,固定灌溉的次之,常规灌溉的最小.
위탐색관수방식대근구수담천이화이용적영향,대분재옥미채용3충관수방식(상규、교체、고정)화4개담소수평,연구료불동근구습윤방식대옥미근구수담천이동태화이용적영향.결과표명:시담후분내토양초태담함량화시담량정정상관,교체관개근구량측토양초태담분포균균,고정관개근구간조측토양초태담루적량명현대우습윤측.교체관개상층토양초태담잔류량화상규관개동일층차상적잔류량상당,하층적잔류량비상규관개적대.교체관개적근관비최대,고정관개적차지,상규관개적최소.교체관개적수분이용효솔시상규관개적0.99～1.11배,이관수량시상규관개적0.75배,절수효과명현.동일담비수평하,교체관개적단위간물질전담흡수량최대,고정관개적차지,상규관개적최소.
The object of this study was to explore the effect of irrigation method on transport and utilization of water and nitrogen, the pot experiment was conducted about three irrigation methods (conventional irrigation, alternate partial rootzone irrigation, fixed partial root-zone irrigation) and four levels of nitrogen. The influence of different irrigation methods on dynamics and utilization of water and nitrogen in rootzone soil was studied. Results showed that soil NO_3~--N content was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen application, soil NO_3~--N content on both sides of the rootzone of alternative irrigation was evenly distributed, and the soil NO_3~--N accumulation in dry side was significantly greater than that in wet side of fixed irrigation. The NO_3~--N residue in upper soil of alternative irrigation was approximately equal with that of conventional irrigation, while the residue in lower soil of alternative irrigation was much more than that of conventional irrigation. The root/shoot ratio of alternative irrigation was the biggest, followed by that of fixed irrigation, and that of conventional irrigation was the least. The water use efficiency of alternative irrigation was 0.99-1.11 times of the conventional irrigation, the irrigation amount of alternative irrigation was 0.75 times of the conventional irrigation, so water-saving effects of alternative irrigation were evident. At the same level of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen absorption of per dry mass of alternate irrigation was the largest, followed by that of fixed irrigation, and that of conventional irrigation was the least.